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卡介苗免疫治疗 100 年：从牛到 COVID-19。

100 years of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy: from cattle to COVID-19.

机构信息

Department of Urology, MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Sinai Health System, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

出版信息

Nat Rev Urol. 2021 Oct;18(10):611-622. doi: 10.1038/s41585-021-00481-1. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

DOI:10.1038/s41585-021-00481-1
PMID:34131332
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8204595/
Abstract

Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the most widely used vaccine worldwide and has been used to prevent tuberculosis for a century. BCG also stimulates an anti-tumour immune response, which urologists have harnessed for the treatment of non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer. A growing body of evidence indicates that BCG offers protection against various non-mycobacterial and viral infections. The non-specific effects of BCG occur via the induction of trained immunity and form the basis for the hypothesis that BCG vaccination could be used to protect against the severity of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This Perspective article highlights key milestones in the 100-year history of BCG and projects its potential role in the COVID-19 pandemic.

摘要

卡介苗（BCG）是全球应用最广泛的疫苗，已被用于预防结核病一个世纪。BCG 还能刺激抗肿瘤免疫反应，泌尿科医生已将其用于治疗非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌。越来越多的证据表明，BCG 可以预防各种非分枝杆菌和病毒感染。BCG 通过诱导训练有素的免疫产生非特异性作用，这为假设提供了依据，即卡介苗接种可用于预防 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的严重程度。本文重点介绍了 BCG 100 年历史中的关键里程碑，并预测了其在 COVID-19 大流行中的潜在作用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/0ac9eacf0891/41585_2021_481_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/305c3220c80e/41585_2021_481_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/8547f1c8af10/41585_2021_481_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/8c628ca63ebb/41585_2021_481_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/0ac9eacf0891/41585_2021_481_Fig4_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/305c3220c80e/41585_2021_481_Fig1_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/8547f1c8af10/41585_2021_481_Fig2_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/8c628ca63ebb/41585_2021_481_Fig3_HTML.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d36a/8204595/0ac9eacf0891/41585_2021_481_Fig4_HTML.jpg

相似文献

[1]
100 years of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy: from cattle to COVID-19.

Nat Rev Urol. 2021-10

[2]
History of bacillus Calmette-Guerin and bladder cancer: an immunotherapy success story.

J Urol. 2008-1

[3]
100 years of Mycobacterium bovis bacille Calmette-Guérin.

Lancet Infect Dis. 2022-1

[4]
Is the BCG vaccine a useful tool against COVID-19?

Clin Dermatol. 2021

[5]
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG): Its fight against pathogens and cancer.

Urol Oncol. 2021-2

[6]
Association between presence of Bacillus Calmette-Guerin vaccine scar and coronavirus disease 2019.

Medicine (Baltimore). 2022-12-2

[7]
Bacillus Calmette-Guerin Vaccine and Nonspecific Immunity.

Am J Med Sci. 2021-6

[8]
Albert Léon Charles Calmette (1863-1933) and the antituberculous BCG vaccination.

Perspect Biol Med. 2001

[9]
Bacillus Calmette-Guérin immunotherapy for genitourinary cancer.

BJU Int. 2013-3-20

[10]
COVID-19 pandemic: SARS-CoV-2 specific vaccines and challenges, protection via BCG trained immunity, and clinical trials.

Expert Rev Vaccines. 2021-7

引用本文的文献

[1]
Unleashing the power of the BCG vaccine in modulating viral immunity through heterologous protection: A scoping review.

Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2025-12

[2]
Real-world oncological and toxicity outcomes with the Moscow strain of intravesical BCG for non-muscle invasive bladder cancer-Implications for global shortage.

BJUI Compass. 2025-6-10

[3]
Combination strategies of gut microbiota in cancer therapy through metabolic reprogramming and immune remodeling.

Cell Commun Signal. 2025-6-5

[4]
Early mucosal responses following a randomised controlled human inhaled infection with attenuated Mycobacterium bovis BCG.

Nat Commun. 2025-5-29

[5]
Elevated platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio predicts poor clinical outcomes in non-muscle invasive bladder cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Front Immunol. 2025-5-13

[6]
Repurposing Amiodarone for Bladder Cancer Treatment.

Cancer Res Commun. 2025-6-1

[7]
Microbiota mechanisms in cancer progression and therapy.

Cell Chem Biol. 2025-5-15

[8]
Designing live bacterial therapeutics for cancer.

Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2025-6

[9]
Dendritic Cell Vaccine Harboring Inactivated Mycobacteria Induces Immune Protection Against Tuberculosis in Murine Models and is Well Tolerated in Humans.

Small Sci. 2024-12-18

[10]
Clinical development of therapeutic mRNA applications.

Mol Ther. 2025-6-4

本文引用的文献

[1]
Reconcile the debate over protective effects of BCG vaccine against COVID-19.

Sci Rep. 2021-4-16

[2]
Efficacy and Safety of the mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 Vaccine.

N Engl J Med. 2021-2-4

[3]
Reserving coronavirus disease 2019 vaccines for global access: cross sectional analysis.

BMJ. 2020-12-15

[4]
Safety and efficacy of the ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 vaccine (AZD1222) against SARS-CoV-2: an interim analysis of four randomised controlled trials in Brazil, South Africa, and the UK.

Lancet. 2021-1-9

[5]
BCG vaccination in health care providers and the protection against COVID-19.

J Clin Invest. 2021-1-19

[6]
Safety and Efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA Covid-19 Vaccine.

N Engl J Med. 2020-12-31

[7]
BCG vaccination history associates with decreased SARS-CoV-2 seroprevalence across a diverse cohort of health care workers.

J Clin Invest. 2021-1-19

[8]
Protection against SARS-CoV-2 by BCG vaccination is not supported by epidemiological analyses.

Sci Rep. 2020-10-27

[9]
BCG as an adjunct or alternative vaccine to prevent COVID-19?

J Travel Med. 2020-11-9

[10]
BCG epidemiology supports its protection against COVID-19? A word of caution.

PLoS One. 2020-10-7

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