Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, University of Health Sciences, Izmir, Turkey.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine, Izmir Katip Çelebi University, Izmir, Turkey.
Pediatr Int. 2022 Jan;64(1):e14887. doi: 10.1111/ped.14887.
Since the emergence and worldwide spread of the new coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic, it has caused people to experience adverse psychological effects. This study aimed to assess anxiety levels during COVID-19 in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including nephrotic syndrome (NS) and kidney transplantation (Tx).
A case-controlled, cross-sectional study was conducted with children aged 10-18 years, who had a diagnosis of CKD or NS, or Tx, and followed in our center between April and July 2020. A healthy control group was recruited with age- and gender-matched children. A questionnaire with printed and online versions was designed in three parts: the first addressed demographic characteristics, the second addressed opinions about the pandemic, and the third was the Turkish version of the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale - Child Version.
A total of 88 children completed the questionnaire. The patient and control groups were similar in terms of gender, age, household members and history of psychiatric treatment. Both groups stated that coronavirus is a risky disease for children (63.6%), and that they were afraid of contagion (69.3%). Only half of them were receiving realistic and informative answers from family members. In the Revised Child Anxiety and Depression Scale - Child Version, 66% of them received a high score on at least one subscale. The social phobia scores of the control group were higher than those of the patient group, although the proportion of high scores was similar in both groups. The ratio of high-scored participants was higher in CKD patients for panic disorder, and was lower in the immunosuppressive agent group for social phobia.
The current COVID-19 pandemic is a disaster that children encounter for the first time in their lives. It does not exclusively cause anxiety among children with chronic kidney diseases but also affects healthy children.
自新型冠状病毒（COVID-19）疫情出现并在全球蔓延以来，已导致人们出现不良心理影响。本研究旨在评估 COVID-19 期间患有慢性肾脏病（CKD）的儿童的焦虑水平，包括肾病综合征（NS）和肾移植（Tx）患者。
这是一项病例对照、横断面研究，纳入 2020 年 4 月至 7 月期间在我们中心接受诊断为 CKD 或 NS 或 Tx 的年龄在 10-18 岁的儿童，以及健康对照组的年龄和性别相匹配的儿童。设计了一个包含三部分的问卷，分别为：第一部分为人口统计学特征，第二部分为对大流行的看法，第三部分为土耳其修订版儿童焦虑和抑郁量表-儿童版。
共有 88 名儿童完成了问卷。患者组和对照组在性别、年龄、家庭成员和精神科治疗史方面相似。两组均表示冠状病毒对儿童是一种危险的疾病（63.6%），并表示他们担心被感染（69.3%）。只有一半的儿童从家庭成员那里得到了现实和信息丰富的答案。在修订版儿童焦虑和抑郁量表-儿童版中，他们中 66%的人在至少一个子量表上得分较高。尽管两组的高分比例相似，但对照组的社交恐惧症评分高于患者组。在 CKD 患者中，惊恐障碍的高分比例较高，而在免疫抑制剂组中，社交恐惧症的高分比例较低。
当前的 COVID-19 大流行是儿童首次遇到的灾难。它不仅会引起慢性肾脏病儿童的焦虑，还会影响健康儿童。
