School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Beijing 100083, China; Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Research Network Station, CNERN, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
School of Soil and Water Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Qinghua East Road 35, Beijing 100083, China; Jixian National Forest Ecosystem Research Network Station, CNERN, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Sep 20;788:147870. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147870. Epub 2021 May 21.
In order to prevent land degradation in areas before hosting big events such as the Winter Olympic Games (WOG), developing strategic vegetation restoration plans is key. To evaluate four experimental areas with different degrees of human impacts located in the Chongli District, northern Hebei Province, China, where the coming WOG 2022 will take considering: i) the feedback mechanisms between vegetation and soil in the process of future vegetation restoration; ii) the vegetation productivity of land in different land-use types; iii) the management mode considering the sustainable development as the primary goal. To achieve these goals, we applied a minimum soil data set (MDS) to screen the most relevant indicators (soil organic matter (SOM), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP), available phosphorus (AP), available potassium (AK), available nitrogen (AN), soil bulk density (BD), soil porosity (SP), pH, clay, silt, sand and gravel), and the nonlinear scoring method to establish a soil quality index (SQI). For this purpose, 400 soil samples (0-20 cm depth), the total biomass of one natural grassland (NG) and abandoned farmland (AF), and the growing stock of natural secondary forest (NF) and a larch plantation (LP). The results showed that the SQI can be established based on TN, silt, TP and gravel. Under LP and AF land-use type, vegetation showing a poor effect on the improvement of soil quality (SQIs were significantly lower than the NF and NG). It was also observed that above 1700 m, the growing stock of artificial vegetation exceeds the range of vegetation productivity (about 165 m·h) that the land can carry under the LP. We concluded that the main reason is the excessive depletion of N and P after human impacts. On the other hand, the SQI of NF and NG were higher, which is due to the significant improvement of soil quality by the conservation of the vegetation, so that no longer limited by the spatial distribution law, also showing higher vegetation productivity of land at different altitudes. This demonstrates that it is key to develop effective restoration plans considering the soil-vegetation relationship status of the NF and NG land-use types in this area in the territories used by the activities of the WOG 2022.
为了防止冬奥会（WOG）等大型活动举办前地区的土地退化，制定战略性植被恢复计划是关键。本研究以河北省崇礼区四个受人类活动影响程度不同的试验区为对象，评估未来植被恢复过程中植被与土壤的反馈机制；不同土地利用类型的土地植被生产力；以可持续发展为主要目标的管理模式。为实现这些目标，我们应用最小数据集（MDS）筛选出最相关的指标（土壤有机质（SOM）、全氮（TN）、全磷（TP）、有效磷（AP）、有效钾（AK）、有效氮（AN）、土壤容重（BD）、土壤孔隙度（SP）、pH 值、粘土、粉砂、砂和砾石），并采用非线性评分法建立土壤质量指数（SQI）。为此，采集了 400 个土壤样本（0-20cm 深度）、天然草地（NG）和弃耕地（AF）的总生物量，以及天然次生林（NF）和落叶松林（LP）的林木。结果表明，可基于 TN、粉砂、TP 和砾石建立 SQI。在 LP 和 AF 土地利用类型下，植被对土壤质量的改善效果较差（SQI 明显低于 NF 和 NG）。还观察到，在 1700m 以上，人工植被的林木超过了 LP 下土地承载的植被生产力范围（约 165m·h）。主要原因是人类活动后 N 和 P 的过度消耗。另一方面，NF 和 NG 的 SQI 较高，这是由于植被的保护显著改善了土壤质量，使土地在不同海拔的植被生产力不再受到空间分布规律的限制，也表现出较高的土地植被生产力。这表明，在 2022 年冬奥会活动区，制定有效的恢复计划，考虑到 NF 和 NG 土地利用类型的土壤-植被关系状况是关键。
