Berg Ingvar, Haveman Bart, Markovic Ognjen, van de Schoot Dion, Dikken Jeroen, Goettinger Michael, Peden Amy E
Surfing Medicine International, the Netherlands; Emergency Medicine Department, Haaglanden Medical Centre, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Surfing Medicine International, the Netherlands.
Am J Emerg Med. 2021 Nov;49:209-215. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2021.06.018. Epub 2021 Jun 10.
Coastal locations contribute significantly to global drowning, with surfers frequently conducting rescues. This study explored the characteristics of surfers as bystander rescuers in Europe.
A cross-sectional online survey collected demographics (age, sex, geographical location), surfing experience, ability, lifesaving and cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) training, information seeking behaviors and previous performance of a rescue. Analyses comprised descriptive frequencies, binomial logistic regression with adjusted odds ratio (AOR) (95% confidence interval [CI]) and chi-squares (p < .05).
Europe-dwelling respondents totaled 1705 (76% male; 43% 25-34 years). Thirty-nine percent (39.2%; n = 668) had previously performed a rescue. Likelihood of having conducted a rescue significantly increased with 6 or more years of surfing experience (6-10 years [AOR = 1.96; 95%CI: 1.20-3.22]; 11-15 years [AOR = 3.26; 95%CI: 1.56-6.79]; 16 years or more [AOR = 4.27; 95%CI: 2.00-9.11]) when compared to surfers with <1 year experience. Expert/professional ability surfers were 10.89 times (95%CI: 4.72-25.15) more likely to have conducted a rescue than novice/beginners. Respondents who had received both a certified lifeguard and CPR course were significantly more likely to have conducted a rescue (AOR = 3.34; 95%CI: 2.43-4.60).
Surfers who had previously conducted rescues commonly had more years of experience, higher self-rated surf ability and greater likelihood of having received certified training. However, not all surfers who have performed rescues had received training. Findings suggest surfers should receive rescue and CPR training before they start surfing at locations without trained supervision and refresh training regularly. Surfers are amenable to injury prevention information, especially online and via apps.
沿海地区是全球溺水事件的重要发生地，冲浪者经常参与救援行动。本研究探讨了欧洲冲浪者作为旁观者救援者的特征。
一项横断面在线调查收集了人口统计学信息（年龄、性别、地理位置）、冲浪经验、能力、救生和心肺复苏（CPR）培训、信息寻求行为以及以往的救援表现。分析包括描述性频率、调整比值比（AOR）（95%置信区间[CI]）的二项逻辑回归和卡方检验（p <.05）。
居住在欧洲的受访者共有1705人（76%为男性；43%年龄在25 - 34岁之间）。39%（39.2%；n = 668）的人此前曾进行过救援。与冲浪经验不足1年的人相比，有6年或以上冲浪经验的人进行救援的可能性显著增加（6 - 10年[AOR = 1.96；95%CI：1.20 - 3.22]；11 - 15年[AOR = 3.26；95%CI：1.56 - 6.79]；16年或以上[AOR = 4.27；95%CI：2.00 - 9.11]）。专家/专业能力的冲浪者进行救援的可能性是新手/初学者的10.89倍（95%CI：4.72 - 25.15）。接受过救生员认证和CPR课程的受访者进行救援的可能性显著更高（AOR = 3.34；95%CI：2.43 - 4.60）。
此前进行过救援的冲浪者通常有更多年的经验、更高的自我评估冲浪能力以及接受认证培训的可能性更大。然而，并非所有进行过救援的冲浪者都接受过培训。研究结果表明，冲浪者在开始在没有受过训练的监督的地点冲浪之前应接受救援和CPR培训，并定期进行复习培训。冲浪者愿意接受预防伤害信息，尤其是在线信息和通过应用程序获取的信息。
