Flegal K M, Harlan W R, Landis J R
Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.
Am J Clin Nutr. 1988 Sep;48(3):535-43. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/48.3.535.
Secular trends in the relationship of body mass index (BMI) and skinfold thickness to educational and income levels were examined for white and black women aged 18-34 y over the period 1960-80 with data from three successive national surveys: NHES Cycle I, NHANES I, and NHANES II. Statistical models were fitted to assess the variability in mean BMI over time within levels of education or income. Mean BMI and skinfold thickness were negatively associated with both education and income. Over the 20-y period mean BMI increased for both white and black women at all levels of income and education. Because the increase in mean BMI was greater at lower educational levels, the differentiation of BMI by educational level increased over time, yielding a stronger negative association. In contrast differentiation of BMI by income category decreased over time. Black-white differences in mean BMI at comparable educational and income levels persisted over this period.
利用来自三项连续全国性调查（国家健康与营养检查调查第一周期、第一次国家健康与营养检查调查和第二次国家健康与营养检查调查）的数据，对1960年至1980年期间18至34岁的白人及黑人女性体重指数（BMI）和皮褶厚度与教育程度和收入水平之间关系的长期趋势进行了研究。拟合统计模型以评估在教育程度或收入水平范围内平均BMI随时间的变化情况。平均BMI和皮褶厚度与教育程度和收入均呈负相关。在这20年期间，所有收入和教育水平的白人及黑人女性的平均BMI均有所增加。由于较低教育水平人群的平均BMI增幅更大，因此BMI按教育水平的差异随时间增加，产生了更强的负相关关系。相比之下，BMI按收入类别划分的差异随时间减少。在此期间，在可比教育和收入水平下，白人及黑人女性的平均BMI差异依然存在。
