Cimica Velasco, Galarza Jose M, Rashid Sujatha, Stedman Timothy T
American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), Manassas, VA, USA.
TechnoVax Inc, Elmsford, NY, USA.
Expert Rev Vaccines. 2021 Nov;20(11):1483-1498. doi: 10.1080/14760584.2021.1945447. Epub 2021 Aug 9.
Zika virus disease received little attention until its recent explosive emergence around the globe. The devastating consequences of this pandemic include congenital Zika syndrome (CZS) and the neurological autoimmune disorder Guillain-Barré syndrome. These potential outcomes prompted massive efforts to understand the course of Zika infection and to develop therapeutic and prophylactic strategies for treatment and prevention of disease. Preclinical and clinical data demonstrate that a safe and efficacious vaccine for protection against Zika virus infection is possible in the near future. Nevertheless, significant knowledge gaps regarding the outcome of a mass vaccination strategy exist and must be addressed. Zika virus circulates in flavivirus-endemic regions, an ideal Zika vaccine should avoid the potential of antibody-dependent enhancement from exposure to dengue virus. Prevention of CZS is the primary goal for immunization, and the vaccine must provide protection against intrauterine transmission for use during pregnancy and in women of childbearing age. Ideally, a vaccine should also prevent sexual transmission of the virus through mucosal protection. This review describes current vaccine approaches against Zika virus with particular attention to the application of virus-like particle (VLP) technology as a strategy for solving the challenges of Zika virus immunization.
直到最近寨卡病毒病在全球范围内爆发式出现，它才受到很少的关注。这场大流行的灾难性后果包括先天性寨卡综合征（CZS）和神经自身免疫性疾病吉兰-巴雷综合征。这些潜在后果促使人们做出巨大努力来了解寨卡病毒感染的过程，并制定治疗和预防该疾病的治疗及预防策略。临床前和临床数据表明，在不久的将来有可能研发出一种安全有效的预防寨卡病毒感染的疫苗。然而，关于大规模疫苗接种策略的结果仍存在重大知识空白，必须加以解决。寨卡病毒在黄病毒流行地区传播，一种理想的寨卡疫苗应避免因接触登革病毒而产生抗体依赖性增强的可能性。预防CZS是免疫接种的主要目标，并且该疫苗必须能防止在孕期和育龄妇女中发生宫内传播。理想情况下，一种疫苗还应通过黏膜保护来预防病毒的性传播。本综述描述了当前针对寨卡病毒的疫苗研发方法，特别关注病毒样颗粒（VLP）技术作为解决寨卡病毒免疫接种挑战的一种策略的应用。
