Yang Wen, Wong Stephen Heung-Sang, Sum Raymond Kim-Wai, Sit Cindy Hui-Ping
Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong.
Prev Med Rep. 2021 Jun 1;23:101419. doi: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2021.101419. eCollection 2021 Sep.
The association between physical activity (PA) and mental health in typically developing children has been amply documented, but little is known about the corresponding association in children with special educational needs (SEN). This systematic review aimed to synthesize the evidence for the association between PA and mental health in children with SEN. A systematic literature search of five databases (PsycINFO, SPORTDiscus, PubMed, Web of Science, and CINAHL) was conducted, and the publication year was between October 2010 and February 2021. Two researchers performed abstract and full text screening and extracted the data independently. Inclusion and exclusion criteria followed the PICOS framework, and the quality of eligible studies was assessed using the McMaster critical review form. Eighteen studies that met the inclusion criteria and had quality ratings ≥ 60% were included in this review. PA was positively associated with overall psychological well-being and its subtypes (including enjoyment, self-worth, self-competence, mental wellness, and quality of life), and negatively associated with anxiety and fatigue. Body composition, age, and sex were moderators of the association. The findings of this review indicated that PA was consistently associated with mental health in children with SEN. These associations were the most powerful when PA was conducted in unstructured types such as free play and recess activities. Structured types including physical education classes were more strongly related to mental health than overall PA (combined structured and unstructured types). Future PA interventions are needed to promote mental health in children with SEN.
在发育正常的儿童中，身体活动（PA）与心理健康之间的关联已有充分记录，但对于有特殊教育需求（SEN）的儿童的相应关联却知之甚少。本系统综述旨在综合关于SEN儿童中PA与心理健康之间关联的证据。对五个数据库（PsycINFO、SPORTDiscus、PubMed、科学网和护理学与健康领域数据库）进行了系统的文献检索，发表年份在2010年10月至2021年2月之间。两名研究人员独立进行摘要和全文筛选并提取数据。纳入和排除标准遵循PICOS框架，使用麦克马斯特批判性评价表评估符合条件的研究的质量。本综述纳入了18项符合纳入标准且质量评级≥60%的研究。PA与总体心理健康及其子类型（包括愉悦感、自我价值、自我能力、心理幸福感和生活质量）呈正相关，与焦虑和疲劳呈负相关。身体组成、年龄和性别是该关联的调节因素。本综述的结果表明，PA与SEN儿童的心理健康始终相关。当以自由玩耍和课间休息活动等非结构化形式进行PA时，这些关联最为显著。包括体育课在内的结构化形式与心理健康的关联比总体PA（结构化和非结构化形式相结合）更强。未来需要通过PA干预来促进SEN儿童的心理健康。
