Yang Wen, Yu Jane Jie, Wong Stephen Heung-Sang, Sum Raymond Kim-Wai, Li Ming Hui, Sit Cindy Hui-Ping
Department of Sports Science and Physical Education, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Department of Sport and Exercise Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Front Pediatr. 2022 Jul 11;10:947336. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.947336. eCollection 2022.
This study aimed to examine a moderated mediation model of the associations among physical activity (PA), quality of life (QoL), and self-concept (SC) in children and adolescents with physical disabilities (PDs) and intellectual disabilities (IDs).
A total of 288 children and adolescents with PDs and IDs, aged between 6 and 17 years, were recruited from 16 special schools in Hong Kong. PA, QoL, and SC were measured using the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C), Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL), and Physical Self-Description Questionnaire Short Form, respectively. Mediation (i.e., PA, QoL, and SC) and moderation analyses (i.e., age, sex, and parental education level) were conducted by structural equation modelling (SEM) using the M plus and PROCESS macro for SPSS.
Physical activity (PA) was positively associated with SC (PDs: β = 0.373; IDs: β = 0.343), and SC significantly mediated the associations between PA and QoL in children and adolescents with PDs (parent proxy-report QoL: β = 0.114; self-report QoL: β = 0.141) and IDs (self-report QoL: β = 0.204). The mediating effects of SC accounted for 16 and 15% of the total effects of PA on QoL (parent proxy-report and self-report) respectively, in participants with PDs, and 8 and 4%, respectively, in those with IDs. Males and participants with higher parental education levels reported stronger associations among PA, QoL, and SC than their counterparts.
This study supports mediating and moderating effects on the associations among PA, QoL, and SC in children and adolescents with PDs and IDs. Future researchers should consider PA intervention in mental health services and provide tailor-made PA programmes based on personal and environmental factors for children and adolescents with disabilities.
本研究旨在检验身体残疾（PD）和智力残疾（ID）的儿童及青少年中，身体活动（PA）、生活质量（QoL）和自我概念（SC）之间关联的有调节的中介模型。
从香港16所特殊学校招募了共288名年龄在6至17岁之间的患有PD和ID的儿童及青少年。分别使用《大龄儿童身体活动问卷》（PAQ-C）、《儿童生活质量量表》（PedsQL）和《身体自我描述问卷简表》来测量PA、QoL和SC。使用Mplus和SPSS的PROCESS宏，通过结构方程模型（SEM）进行中介分析（即PA、QoL和SC）和调节分析（即年龄、性别和父母教育水平）。
身体活动（PA）与SC呈正相关（PD：β = 0.373；ID：β = 0.343），并且SC在患有PD（父母代理报告的QoL：β = 0.114；自我报告的QoL：β = 0.141）和ID（自我报告的QoL：β = 0.204）的儿童及青少年中显著中介了PA与QoL之间的关联。在患有PD的参与者中，SC的中介效应分别占PA对QoL（父母代理报告和自我报告）总效应的16%和15%，在患有ID的参与者中分别占8%和4%。男性和父母教育水平较高的参与者报告的PA、QoL和SC之间的关联比其对应者更强。
本研究支持在患有PD和ID的儿童及青少年中，PA、QoL和SC之间关联存在中介和调节效应。未来的研究人员应考虑在心理健康服务中进行PA干预，并根据残疾儿童及青少年的个人和环境因素提供量身定制的PA计划。
