Monash Centre for Health Research and Implementation, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Monash Partners Academic Health Science Centre, Clayton, VIC, Australia.
Front Public Health. 2021 Jun 2;9:630189. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2021.630189. eCollection 2021.
To assess and share learnings on the motivators and behavioural adherence across sex and age to evolving strategies in public policy to prevent the spread of SARS-CoV-2 at the end of a first COVID-19 wave and the beginning of a second COVID-19 wave in Australia. A national longitudinal survey using a framework based on evidence-based behaviour change models. The survey was administered to a national sample representative across sex, age and location was undertaken at two time points: May 1st to 5th, 2020, and July 1st to 7th, 2020. Overall 2,056 surveys were completed across the first and second rounds, with 63% (1,296/2,056) completing both. Age range was 18-99 years (median 53, IQR: 34-64). Suboptimal physical distancing and self-quarantining if unwell/diagnosed was reported in one in four respondents and not getting a test at onset of symptoms reported in one in three. Those non-adherent to all three behaviours (19%, 60/323), were mainly male, younger, lived in major cities and reported fewer concerns or motivators to change behaviour. Overall, government lockdown measures were considered very important by 81% (835/1,032) and appropriate by 75% (772/1,029). Prior to the suppression of a second COVID-19 wave, a significant minority of Australians reported suboptimal behavioural adherence to vital policy strategies to limit SARS-CoV-2 spread, mostly young adults and men. Successful wave 2 suppression required consistent communication from political and health leaders and supportive public health and economic strategies. Additional lockdown and punitive strategies were needed in Victoria and were generally well-supported and adhered to. To limit subsequent lockdown, this work reinforces the need for a mix of communication around saving lives of the vulnerable, and other strategies targeting high risk groups, facilitation of easy testing and minimisation of financial impacts.
评估并分享澳大利亚在第一波 COVID-19 疫情结束和第二波 COVID-19 疫情开始时，针对公共政策中预防 SARS-CoV-2 传播的演变策略，在性别和年龄方面的动机和行为坚持情况。 这是一项使用基于循证行为改变模型的框架进行的全国性纵向调查。该调查在两个时间点对全国范围内具有代表性的性别、年龄和地点的样本进行了调查：2020 年 5 月 1 日至 5 日和 2020 年 7 月 1 日至 7 日。第一轮和第二轮共完成了 2056 项调查，其中 63%（1296/2056）完成了两轮。年龄范围为 18-99 岁（中位数 53，IQR：34-64）。四分之一的受访者报告说，身体距离和自我隔离不充分，如果感到不适/被诊断出疾病，三分之一的受访者报告说，出现症状时没有进行检测。不遵守所有三项行为的人（19%，60/323）主要是男性、年轻人，居住在主要城市，报告的改变行为的担忧或动机较少。总体而言，81%（835/1,032）的人认为政府封锁措施非常重要，75%（772/1,029）的人认为政府封锁措施是适当的。 在第二波 COVID-19 被抑制之前，相当一部分澳大利亚人报告说，他们对限制 SARS-CoV-2 传播的重要政策策略的行为坚持度不高，主要是年轻人和男性。成功抑制第二波疫情需要政治和卫生领导人的持续沟通，以及支持性的公共卫生和经济战略。维多利亚州需要采取额外的封锁和惩罚性策略，这些策略总体上得到了很好的支持和遵守。为了限制随后的封锁，这项工作强化了围绕保护弱势群体生命的沟通以及针对高风险群体的其他策略、促进简便检测和最小化经济影响的必要性。
