Forsander O A, Sinclair J D
Research Laboratories of the Finnish State Alcohol Company (Alko Ltd), Helsinki.
Alcohol. 1988 May-Jun;5(3):233-8. doi: 10.1016/0741-8329(88)90058-4.
Female rats of the alcohol-preferring AA line were given a choice between protein, carbohydrate, and fat sources. Subsequent free access to alcohol decreased their intake of carbohydrate but not of protein or fat. The individual alcohol intakes were negatively correlated with the carbohydrate intakes (-0.76) and with the alcohol-induced changes in carbohydrate intake (-0.83), but positively correlated with the concurrent protein intakes (0.78). The alcohol consumption and ethanol elimination rate of AA rats were subsequently found to vary directly with the protein content (5, 10, 20 and 40% by energy) of the premixed diet given to them--they drank more than 9 times more ethanol on the 40% than on the 5% protein diet--but the alcohol intake of the alcohol-avoiding ANA rats was not affected by protein intake. The results clearly indicate that the three macronutrients are related to alcohol consumption in different ways, suggesting that protein intake affects the selection of alcohol of AA rats through a factor correlated to ethanol elimination (but not through a ceiling effect from the rate of elimination) and that the alcohol in turn reduces carbohydrate consumption.
给嗜酒的AA系雌性大鼠提供蛋白质、碳水化合物和脂肪来源供其选择。随后让它们自由摄取酒精，结果发现这降低了它们对碳水化合物的摄入量，但对蛋白质或脂肪的摄入量没有影响。个体的酒精摄入量与碳水化合物摄入量呈负相关（-0.76），与酒精引起的碳水化合物摄入量变化呈负相关（-0.83），但与同时期的蛋白质摄入量呈正相关（0.78）。随后发现，AA大鼠的酒精消耗量和乙醇消除率直接随给予它们的预混日粮中蛋白质含量（按能量计为5%、10%、20%和40%）而变化——它们在40%蛋白质日粮上饮用的乙醇量比在5%蛋白质日粮上多9倍以上——但避酒的ANA大鼠的酒精摄入量不受蛋白质摄入量的影响。结果清楚地表明，三种宏量营养素与酒精消耗的关系各不相同，这表明蛋白质摄入量通过与乙醇消除相关的一个因素（而非通过消除速率的上限效应）影响AA大鼠对酒精的选择，而且酒精反过来会减少碳水化合物的消耗。
