为期两年的热量限制对随机临床试验中 21 至 50 岁非肥胖成年人器官和组织大小的影响：CALERIE 研究。
Effect of 2-year caloric restriction on organ and tissue size in nonobese 21- to 50-year-old adults in a randomized clinical trial: the CALERIE study.
机构信息
Division of Pediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
Institute of Human Nutrition, Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.
出版信息
Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Oct 4;114(4):1295-1303. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab205.
BACKGROUND
Sustained calorie restriction (CR) promises to extend the lifespan. The effect of CR on changes in body mass across tissues and organs is unclear.
OBJECTIVES
We used whole-body MRI to evaluate the effect of 2 y of CR on changes in body composition.
METHODS
In an ancillary study of the Comprehensive Assessment of Long-term Effects of Reducing Intake of Energy (CALERIE) trial, 43 healthy adults [25-50 y; BMI (kg/m2): 22-28] randomly assigned to 25% CR (n = 28) or ad libitum (AL) eating (n = 15) underwent whole-body MRI at baseline and month 24 to measure adipose tissue in subcutaneous, visceral, and intermuscular depots (SAT, VAT, and IMAT, respectively); skeletal muscle; and organs including brain, liver, spleen, and kidneys but not heart.
RESULTS
The CR group lost more adipose tissue and lean tissue than controls (P < 0.05). In the CR group, at baseline, total tissue volume comprised 32.1%, 1.9%, and 1.0% of SAT, VAT, and IMAT, respectively. The loss of total tissue volume over 24 mo comprised 68.4%, 7.4%, and 2.2% of SAT, VAT, and IMAT, respectively, demonstrating preferential loss of fat vs. lean tissue. Although there is more muscle loss in CR than AL (P < 0.05), the loss of muscle over 24 mo in the CR group comprised only 17.2% of the loss of total tissue volume. Changes in organ volumes were not different between CR and AL. The degree of CR (% decrease in energy intake vs. baseline) significantly (P < 0.05) affected changes in VAT, IMAT, muscle, and liver volume (standardized regression coefficient ± standard error of estimates: 0.43 ± 0.15 L, 0.40 ± 0.19 L, 0.55 ± 0.17 L, and 0.45 ± 0.18 L, respectively).
CONCLUSIONS
Twenty-four months of CR (intended, 25%; actual, 13.7%) in young individuals without obesity had effects on body composition, including a preferential loss of adipose tissue, especially VAT, over the loss of muscle and organ tissue. This trial was registered at www.clinicaltrials.gov as NCT02695511.
背景
持续的热量限制（CR）有望延长寿命。CR 对组织和器官体质量变化的影响尚不清楚。
目的
我们使用全身 MRI 评估 2 年 CR 对身体成分变化的影响。
方法
在能量摄入减少的综合评估的辅助研究（CALERIE）试验中，43 名健康成年人[25-50 岁；BMI（kg/m2）：22-28]被随机分配到 25%CR（n=28）或随意进食（AL）组（n=15），在基线和第 24 个月进行全身 MRI 测量皮下、内脏和肌肉间脂肪组织（SAT、VAT 和 IMAT）；骨骼肌；以及包括脑、肝、脾和肾在内的器官，但不包括心脏。
结果
CR 组比对照组丢失更多的脂肪组织和瘦组织（P<0.05）。在 CR 组中，基线时，总组织体积分别占 SAT、VAT 和 IMAT 的 32.1%、1.9%和 1.0%。24 个月的总组织体积丢失包括 SAT、VAT 和 IMAT 的 68.4%、7.4%和 2.2%，表明脂肪组织比瘦组织优先丢失。尽管 CR 组的肌肉丢失量比 AL 组多（P<0.05），但 CR 组 24 个月的肌肉丢失量仅占总组织体积丢失的 17.2%。CR 和 AL 之间器官体积的变化没有差异。CR 的程度（与基线相比能量摄入的降低百分比）显著影响 VAT、IMAT、肌肉和肝脏体积的变化（标准化回归系数±估计标准误差：0.43±0.15 L、0.40±0.19 L、0.55±0.17 L 和 0.45±0.18 L）。
结论
在没有肥胖的年轻个体中，24 个月的 CR（预期 25%；实际 13.7%）对身体成分有影响，包括脂肪组织，尤其是 VAT 的优先丢失，超过肌肉和器官组织的丢失。这项试验在 www.clinicaltrials.gov 注册，编号为 NCT02695511。
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