Gan Daniel R Y, Mahmood Atiya, Routhier François, Mortenson W Ben
Gerontology Research Centre, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Department of Gerontology, Simon Fraser University, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
Gerontologist. 2022 Jan 14;62(1):e39-e47. doi: 10.1093/geront/gnab079.
Recent critical evaluations of age-friendly efforts have highlighted the need to prioritize the disenfranchised, including people with mobility limitations. This article examines the validity of a 13-item Stakeholders Walkability/Wheelability Audit in Neighborhoods (SWAN13) scale to measure the "walk/wheelability" of street segments from the perspectives of people with mobility limitations.
Data were drawn from preliminary studies of the SWANaudit which was conducted in 2 Canadian metropolitan areas. Sixty-one participants who use mobility devices (e.g., walkers, power wheelchairs) and older adults from community organizations audited 195 street segments. We factor analyzed the data from their audits.
SWAN13 has a 1-factor structure. 13 items were retained from 85 SWANaudit items. SWAN13 encompassed both physical and social aspects of walk/wheelability. The alpha for the scale was .79. Convergent validity was found with the University of Alabama Life-Space Assessment (ρ = .22, p = .003), especially at the neighborhood level (ρ = .23, p = .002). Significant correlation was also found with subjective assessments of a priori walk/wheelability domains (ρ = .63, p < .001).
Walk/wheelability affects the life space of older adults and people with mobility limitations. It is an important latent variable that should be addressed to promote well-being and social participation. SWAN13 may be used in city-wide surveys to identify neighborhoods that may require age-friendly interventions from mobility perspectives. Detailed audits and interventions may be carried out in tandem using the paired SWANaudit instrument. Walk/wheelability is an inclusive and measurable concept that accounts for the needs of people with various mobility needs.
近期对老年友好型工作的批判性评估强调，需要优先关注被剥夺权利的群体，包括行动不便者。本文探讨了13项社区利益相关者步行/轮椅出行适宜性审计量表（SWAN13）从行动不便者角度衡量街道段“步行/轮椅出行适宜性”的有效性。
数据来自对在加拿大两个大都市地区进行的SWAN审计的初步研究。61名使用移动设备（如助行器、电动轮椅）的参与者以及来自社区组织的老年人对195个街道段进行了审计。我们对他们审计的数据进行了因子分析。
SWAN13具有单因子结构。从85个SWAN审计项目中保留了13个项目。SWAN13涵盖了步行/轮椅出行适宜性的身体和社会方面。该量表的α系数为0.79。与阿拉巴马大学生活空间评估发现了收敛效度（ρ = 0.22，p = 0.003），尤其是在社区层面（ρ = 0.23，p = 0.002）。在先验的步行/轮椅出行适宜性领域的主观评估中也发现了显著相关性（ρ = 0.63，p < 0.001）。
步行/轮椅出行适宜性影响老年人和行动不便者的生活空间。它是一个重要的潜在变量，应加以关注以促进幸福感和社会参与度。SWAN13可用于全市范围的调查，以从出行角度识别可能需要老年友好型干预的社区。可使用配套的SWAN审计工具同步进行详细审计和干预。步行/轮椅出行适宜性是一个包容性且可衡量的概念，考虑到了具有各种出行需求的人群的需求。
