School of Life Sciences, Faculty of Science, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
Centre for Health Technologies, University of Technology Sydney, Ultimo, NSW, Australia.
Methods Mol Biol. 2021;2324:165-185. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1503-4_11.
PTENP1 is a processed pseudogene of the tumour suppressor phosphatase and tensin homolog deleted on chromosome 10 (PTEN). It functions posttranscriptionally to regulate PTEN by acting as a sponge for microRNAs that target PTEN. PTENP1 therefore functions as a competitive endogenous RNA (ceRNA), competing with PTEN for binding of microRNAs (miRNA) and thereby modulating PTEN cellular abundance. Studies of the overexpression of PTENP1 all confirm its oncosuppressive function to be mediated through the suppression of cell proliferation, induction of apoptosis, and inhibition of cell migration and invasion of cancer cells of differing types. These oncosuppressive functions are a direct consequence of miRNA binding by PTENP1 and the subsequent liberation of PTEN from miRNA induced suppression. In this chapter, we will focus initially on the description of a high efficiency transient transfection method to introduce and overexpress PTENP1 in the cell type of interest, followed by accurate methodologies to measure transfection efficiency by flow cytometry. We will then continue to describe two methods to analyze cell proliferation, namely the CCK-8 assay and Click-iT EdU assay. Due to commonalities in the manifestation of the oncosuppressive effects of PTENP1, mediated through its role as a ceRNA, the methods presented in this chapter will have wide applicability to a variety of different cell types.
PTENP1 是肿瘤抑制因子磷酸酶和张力蛋白同源物缺失的第 10 号染色体(PTEN)的加工假基因。它通过作为针对 PTEN 的 microRNA 的海绵起转录后作用来调节 PTEN。因此,PTENP1 作为竞争性内源 RNA(ceRNA)发挥作用,与 PTEN 竞争结合 microRNA(miRNA),从而调节 PTEN 细胞丰度。对 PTENP1 过表达的研究均证实其抑癌功能是通过抑制细胞增殖、诱导细胞凋亡以及抑制不同类型癌细胞的迁移和侵袭来介导的。这些抑癌功能是由 PTENP1 结合 miRNA 以及随后 miRNA 诱导的抑制作用使 PTEN 释放的直接结果。在本章中,我们将首先重点描述一种高效的瞬时转染方法,以在感兴趣的细胞类型中引入和过表达 PTENP1,然后继续描述两种分析细胞增殖的方法,即 CCK-8 测定法和 Click-iT EdU 测定法。由于 PTENP1 通过作为 ceRNA 发挥作用而表现出的抑癌作用具有共同性,因此本章中介绍的方法将广泛适用于各种不同的细胞类型。