Capodice Jillian L, Kaplan Steven A
Department of Urology, Icahn School of Medicine, Mount Sinai Health System, New York, NY, USA.
Curr Urol. 2021 Jun;15(2):95-100. doi: 10.1097/CU9.0000000000000023. Epub 2021 May 28.
The endocannabinoid system is a neuromodulatory system responsible for partial regulation of cognitive and emotional processes in the human central nervous system such as behavior, mood disorders, and neurologic disorders such as epilepsy. The endocannabinoid system is also prevalent throughout the peripheral nervous system and human body and its receptors and signaling pathways are present and active in areas including the male and female reproductive tracts and organ systems such as the urologic and gastrointestinal system.
The purpose of this article is to provide the reader with a brief background on the endocannabinoid system and to discuss the implications of the endocannabinoid system in urology as it applies to the male reproductive system, risk of urologic malignancy, and impact on the lower urinary tract, voiding, and urologic pain. It also summaries and discusses the epidemiology and research on cannabis and cannabidiol products.
The endocannabinoid system affects the urologic and reproductive systems. Cannabis products and inhibitors targeting endocannabinoid pathways are being studied for their potential use as treatments for lower urinary tract symptoms and other urologic symptoms. Cannabis use adversely affects spermatogenesis and semen parameters and may be a risk factor for testicular germ cell tumors, however, it may be useful as a potential treatment for urologic symptoms. Cannabidiol products are popular in the consumer marketplace but there is still a paucity of scientific data on their potential medicinal use.
内源性大麻素系统是一种神经调节系统，负责部分调节人类中枢神经系统中的认知和情感过程，如行为、情绪障碍以及癫痫等神经系统疾病。内源性大麻素系统在周围神经系统和人体中也普遍存在，其受体和信号通路在包括男性和女性生殖道以及泌尿系统和胃肠道等器官系统的区域中存在并发挥作用。
本文的目的是为读者提供内源性大麻素系统的简要背景知识，并讨论内源性大麻素系统在泌尿外科中的意义，包括其对男性生殖系统的影响、泌尿系统恶性肿瘤的风险以及对下尿路、排尿和泌尿系统疼痛的影响。本文还总结并讨论了大麻和大麻二酚产品的流行病学及相关研究。
内源性大麻素系统影响泌尿系统和生殖系统。针对内源性大麻素途径的大麻产品和抑制剂正在被研究，探讨其作为治疗下尿路症状和其他泌尿系统症状的潜在用途。大麻使用会对精子发生和精液参数产生不利影响，可能是睾丸生殖细胞肿瘤的一个风险因素，然而，它可能作为泌尿系统症状的一种潜在治疗方法。大麻二酚产品在消费市场很受欢迎，但关于其潜在药用价值的科学数据仍然匮乏。
