Department of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, SDU Sport and Health Sciences Cluster (SHSC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, M-5230, Odense, Denmark.
Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, University of Copenhagen, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark.
Eur J Appl Physiol. 2021 Oct;121(10):2825-2836. doi: 10.1007/s00421-021-04755-9. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
Low bone mineral density (BMD) and fractures are a major concern in the female population and preventative strategies are needed. Whether team sports participation may reduce age-related bone loss in elderly women is still uncertain.
One hundred and thirty healthy, non-smoking women participated in this cross-sectional study, i.e., elderly (60-80 years) team handball players (EH, n = 35), elderly untrained controls (EC, n = 35), young (18-30 years) elite football players (YF, n = 30) and young untrained controls (YC, n = 30). A whole-body and two regional dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans were performed to evaluate BMD and a blood sample was collected for measurement of bone turnover markers (BTMs).
EH had higher BMD in all regions of the lumbar spine, except for L1, compared to EC (8-10%), and higher BMD in the femoral Ward's triangle (9%) and trochanter (7%) of the left leg. Furthermore, EH had higher mean leg BMD (8%) and whole-body BMD (5%) than EC. EH and YC had similar BMD in femoral trochanter, L1-L4 and mean leg despite an age difference of ~ 40 years. YF had higher BMD in all regions of the proximal femur (18-29%) and lumbar spine (12-16%) compared to YC, as well as higher mean leg BMD (20%) and whole-body BMD (13%). Sclerostin was 14% lower in EH compared to EC. YF showed higher PINP (98%), osteocalcin (57%), and CTX (83%) compared to YC.
Lifelong team handball training and elite football training are associated with superior bone mineralization and changed bone turnover in elderly and young women.
骨矿物质密度（BMD）低和骨折是女性人群的主要关注点，需要采取预防策略。团队运动参与是否可以减少老年女性与年龄相关的骨质流失仍不确定。
本横断面研究纳入了 130 名健康、不吸烟的女性，包括老年（60-80 岁）手球运动员（EH，n=35）、老年未经训练的对照组（EC，n=35）、年轻（18-30 岁）精英足球运动员（YF，n=30）和年轻未经训练的对照组（YC，n=30）。进行全身和两个区域双能 X 线吸收法（DXA）扫描以评估 BMD，并采集血样测量骨转换标志物（BTMs）。
EH 除 L1 外，腰椎各部位 BMD 均高于 EC（8-10%），左侧股骨 Ward 三角和转子间区 BMD 较高（9%和 7%）。此外，EH 的左下肢和全身 BMD 分别比 EC 高 8%和 5%。EH 和 YC 尽管年龄相差约 40 岁，但股骨转子间区、L1-L4 和左下肢 BMD 相似。与 YC 相比，YF 所有股骨近端（18-29%）和腰椎（12-16%）区域的 BMD 更高，左下肢和全身 BMD 更高（20%和 13%）。与 EC 相比，EH 的骨硬化蛋白降低了 14%。YF 的 PINP（98%）、骨钙素（57%）和 CTX（83%）均高于 YC。
终生团队手球训练和精英足球训练与老年和年轻女性的骨矿物质矿化和骨转换改变有关。
