College of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining & Technology, Beijing, 100083, China.
Guangxi Engineering Research Center for Small UAV System and Application, Guilin University of Aerospace Technology, Guilin, 541004, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Nov;28(43):61258-61273. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-14988-y. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
The karst region of Southwest China is one of the largest in the world. Due to the effects of human activities and climate change, rocky desertification has become the primary ecological disaster which has significantly hindered the economic growth in Southwest China. In recent decades, the Chinese government has carried out a number of ecological restoration projects in Southwest China. This study aims to analyze the changes in vegetation coverage and its main driving factors in the Southwest China and the karst region of Southwest China from 2001 to 2015 through trend analysis, Hurst index correlation analysis, correlation analysis, and residual analysis. The results showed that (1) both Southwest China and the karst region of Southwest China experienced significant increasing trends in annual fractional vegetation cover, at a rate of 0.0028 year and 0.0029 year, respectively; (2) the NDVI of the Southwest China and the karst region of Southwest China was stable, and the vegetation coverage areas showed low to medium fluctuations, accounting for 97.17% and 98.32% respectively; (3) the NDVI of the Southwest China and the karst region of Southwest China had strong sustainability, and the sustainable and improved regions account for 74.79% and 75.77% respectively; and (4) climate change had little influence on vegetation restoration, and human activities had a great influence on vegetation restoration. The relative contribution rates of human activities and climate change to vegetation NDVI changes in the Southwest China were 86% and 14%, respectively, and 90% and 10% in karst regions of Southwest China. Our findings contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms of vegetation change in karst region and may provide scientific support for local vegetation restoration and conservation policies.
中国西南喀斯特地区是世界上最大的喀斯特地区之一。由于人类活动和气候变化的影响，石漠化已成为主要的生态灾害，严重阻碍了中国西南地区的经济增长。近几十年来，中国政府在中国西南地区实施了多项生态恢复项目。本研究旨在通过趋势分析、Hurst 指数相关分析、相关分析和残差分析，分析 2001 年至 2015 年期间中国西南地区和西南喀斯特地区植被覆盖变化及其主要驱动因素。结果表明：（1）中国西南地区和西南喀斯特地区的年分数植被覆盖均呈显著增加趋势，增长率分别为 0.0028 年和 0.0029 年；（2）中国西南地区和西南喀斯特地区的 NDVI 稳定，植被覆盖区呈低至高波动，分别占 97.17%和 98.32%；（3）中国西南地区和西南喀斯特地区的 NDVI 具有很强的可持续性，可持续和改善区域分别占 74.79%和 75.77%；（4）气候变化对植被恢复的影响较小，人类活动对植被恢复的影响较大。人类活动和气候变化对中国西南地区植被 NDVI 变化的相对贡献率分别为 86%和 14%，而西南喀斯特地区的相对贡献率分别为 90%和 10%。我们的研究结果有助于更好地了解喀斯特地区植被变化的机制，并为当地的植被恢复和保护政策提供科学支持。
