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大流行冠状病毒病(Covid-19):使用机器学习技术的全球影响分析与预测

Pandemic coronavirus disease (Covid-19): World effects analysis and prediction using machine-learning techniques.

作者信息

Tiwari Dimple, Bhati Bhoopesh Singh, Al-Turjman Fadi, Nagpal Bharti

机构信息

Ambedkar Institute of Advanced Communication Technologies and Research, Govt of NCT of Delhi Delhi India.

Artificial Intelligence Engineering Department, Research Center for AI and IoT Near East University Nicosia Turkey.

出版信息

Expert Syst. 2022 Mar;39(3):e12714. doi: 10.1111/exsy.12714. Epub 2021 May 11.

Abstract

Pandemic novel Coronavirus (Covid-19) is an infectious disease that primarily spreads by droplets of nose discharge when sneezing and saliva from the mouth when coughing, that had first been reported in Wuhan, China in December 2019. Covid-19 became a global pandemic, which led to a harmful impact on the world. Many predictive models of Covid-19 are being proposed by academic researchers around the world to take the foremost decisions and enforce the appropriate control measures. Due to the lack of accurate Covid-19 records and uncertainty, the standard techniques are being failed to correctly predict the epidemic global effects. To address this issue, we present an Artificial Intelligence (AI)-based meta-analysis to predict the trend of epidemic Covid-19 over the world. The powerful machine learning algorithms namely Naïve Bayes, Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Linear Regression were applied on real time-series dataset, which holds the global record of confirmed, recovered, deaths and active cases of Covid-19 outbreak. Statistical analysis has also been conducted to present various facts regarding Covid-19 observed symptoms, a list of Top-20 Coronavirus affected countries and a number of coactive cases over the world. Among the three machine learning techniques investigated, Naïve Bayes produced promising results to predict Covid-19 future trends with less Mean Absolute Error (MAE) and Mean Squared Error (MSE). The less value of MAE and MSE strongly represent the effectiveness of the Naïve Bayes regression technique. Although, the global footprint of this pandemic is still uncertain. This study demonstrates the various trends and future growth of the global pandemic for a proactive response from the citizens and governments of countries. This paper sets the initial benchmark to demonstrate the capability of machine learning for outbreak prediction.

摘要

新型冠状病毒大流行(新冠病毒-19)是一种传染病,主要通过打喷嚏时的鼻涕飞沫和咳嗽时口腔中的唾液传播,于2019年12月在中国武汉首次报告。新冠病毒-19成为全球大流行,对世界造成了有害影响。世界各地的学术研究人员正在提出许多新冠病毒-19的预测模型,以便做出首要决策并实施适当的控制措施。由于缺乏准确的新冠病毒-19记录和不确定性,标准技术未能正确预测疫情的全球影响。为了解决这个问题,我们提出了一种基于人工智能(AI)的元分析,以预测全球新冠病毒-19疫情的趋势。强大的机器学习算法,即朴素贝叶斯、支持向量机(SVM)和线性回归,被应用于实时数据集,该数据集保存了新冠病毒-19疫情确诊、康复、死亡和活跃病例的全球记录。还进行了统计分析,以呈现有关新冠病毒-19观察到的症状的各种事实、受冠状病毒影响最严重的20个国家的名单以及全球的共同活跃病例数。在所研究的三种机器学习技术中,朴素贝叶斯在预测新冠病毒-19未来趋势方面产生了有希望的结果,平均绝对误差(MAE)和均方误差(MSE)较小。MAE和MSE的值越小,强烈代表朴素贝叶斯回归技术的有效性。尽管如此,这场大流行的全球影响仍不确定。本研究展示了全球大流行的各种趋势和未来增长情况,以便各国公民和政府做出积极应对。本文设定了初步基准,以展示机器学习在疫情预测方面的能力。

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