Roblek Vasja, Meško Maja, Pušavec Franci, Likar Borut
Faculty of Organisation Studies in Novo Mesto, Novo Mesto, Slovenia.
Faculty of Management, University of Primorska, Koper, Slovenia.
Front Psychol. 2021 Jun 9;12:592528. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.592528. eCollection 2021.
The research reported in this paper explores the impact of digital transformation as a disruptive innovation on manufacturing SMEs. The research is based on a qualitative Delphi study encompassing 49 experts from eleven EU countries. The paper aims to demonstrate how disruptive innovations affect organizational changes and determine critical factors in organizations that impact the initiating and promoting R&D of disruptive innovation. We discovered that disruptive innovations impact product/process development methods, new production concepts, new materials for products, and new organization plans. Additionally, we identified organizational changes related to the development and use of disruptive innovations in the future. We also indicate how disruptive innovations influence social and technological changes in the organizational environment. The analysis also disclosed three main groups of disruptive innovations and their impact on future smart factory development, namely the following: technological changes, the emergence of innovative products, business models and solutions and organizational culture as one of the crucial key success factors. The analysis also examined the enablers of the successful development/introduction of disruptive innovations, wherein internal and external factors were determined. Additionally, we presented obstacles and the approaches necessary to mitigate them. We can conclude from the findings that in the timeframe of 5-10 years, only the SME that uses/develops disruptive innovations will survive in the market. However, the companies do not always have a clear idea of the meaning of disruptive innovations. Therefore, it is important to set clear goals regarding the achievement of disruptive innovations in companies. It is also necessary to creatively apply presented instruments enabling improvement of organizational changes and apply some additional concepts, which we have suggested.
本文所报告的研究探讨了数字转型作为一种颠覆性创新对制造业中小企业的影响。该研究基于一项定性德尔菲研究，涵盖了来自11个欧盟国家的49位专家。本文旨在展示颠覆性创新如何影响组织变革，并确定组织中影响颠覆性创新研发启动和推进的关键因素。我们发现，颠覆性创新会影响产品/流程开发方法、新生产概念、产品新材料和新组织计划。此外，我们还确定了与未来颠覆性创新的开发和使用相关的组织变革。我们还指出了颠覆性创新如何影响组织环境中的社会和技术变革。分析还揭示了颠覆性创新的三大主要类别及其对未来智能工厂发展的影响，即：技术变革、创新产品的出现、商业模式和解决方案以及组织文化作为关键的关键成功因素之一。分析还考察了颠覆性创新成功开发/引入的推动因素，确定了内部和外部因素。此外，我们还提出了障碍以及减轻这些障碍所需的方法。从研究结果可以得出结论，在5至10年的时间范围内，只有采用/开发颠覆性创新的中小企业才能在市场中生存。然而，企业对颠覆性创新的含义并不总是有清晰的认识。因此，在企业中明确实现颠覆性创新的目标非常重要。还需要创造性地应用所提出的有助于改善组织变革的工具，并应用我们建议的一些其他概念。
