Balazka Dominik, Houtman Dick, Lepri Bruno
University of Milan, Department of Social and Political Sciences, Milan, Lombardy 20122, Italy.
University of Turin, Department. of Cultures, Politics and Society, Turin, Piedmont 10124, Italy.
Patterns (N Y). 2021 Jun 11;2(6):100263. doi: 10.1016/j.patter.2021.100263.
The shift of attention from the decline of organized religion to the rise of post-Christian spiritualities, anti-religious positions, secularity, and religious indifference has coincided with the deconstruction of the binary distinction between "religion" and "non-religion"-initiated by spirituality studies throughout the 1980s and recently resumed by the emerging field of non-religion studies. The current state of cross-national surveys makes it difficult to address the new theoretical concerns due to (1) lack of theoretically relevant variables, (2) lack of longitudinal data to track historical changes in non-religious positions, and (3) difficulties in accessing small and/or hardly reachable sub-populations of religious nones. We explore how user profiling, text analytics, automatic image classification, and various research designs based on the integration of survey methods and big data can address these issues as well as shape non-religion studies, promote its institutionalization, stimulate interdisciplinary cooperation, and improve the understanding of non-religion by redefining current methodological practices.
注意力从有组织宗教的衰落转向后基督教灵性、反宗教立场、世俗性和宗教冷漠的转变，与“宗教”和“非宗教”之间二元区分的解构同时发生——这一解构由整个20世纪80年代的灵性研究发起，最近由新兴的非宗教研究领域重新展开。跨国调查的现状使得难以解决新的理论问题，原因如下：（1）缺乏理论相关变量；（2）缺乏纵向数据来追踪非宗教立场的历史变化；（3）难以接触到宗教无信仰者中的小群体和/或难以触及的亚群体。我们探讨用户画像、文本分析、自动图像分类以及基于调查方法和大数据整合的各种研究设计如何能够解决这些问题，以及如何塑造非宗教研究、促进其制度化、激发跨学科合作，并通过重新定义当前的方法论实践来增进对非宗教的理解。
