Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.
Nutr Cancer. 2022;74(3):916-926. doi: 10.1080/01635581.2021.1942931. Epub 2021 Jun 27.
This study investigated the association between quality and quantity of carbohydrate by assessing low carbohydrates diet score (LCDS), carbohydrate quality score (CQI), glycemic index (GI), dietary glycemic load (GL), and dietary carbohydrate intake, and risk of breast cancer (BrCa) among Iranian women.
This hospital-based case-control study was carried out in the Cancer Research Center of Imam Khomeini hospital, Iran. We included One hundred and fifty newly diagnosed BrCa cases and one hundred and fifty healthy controls in this study. Socio-demographic and dietary data and anthropometric measures were recorded.
We found that a higher CQI than a lower score was associated with a decrease in odds of BrCa ( = 0.04). After adjusting for potential confounders, we observed that CQI was not associated with BrCa development ( = 0.05). An increase in odds of BrCa among women in the highest tertiles of GL ( = 0.12), GI ( = 0.48), and dietary carbohydrate intake ( = 0.06) was seen, which was not statistically significant. There was also a non-significant lower chance of having BrCa with adherence to the LCDS ( = 0.09).
Our findings suggest that CQI was not related to BrCa risk among Iranian women. This relation deserves to be investigated in prospective studies.
本研究通过评估低碳水化合物饮食评分（LCDS）、碳水化合物质量指数（CQI）、血糖指数（GI）、膳食血糖负荷（GL）以及膳食碳水化合物摄入量，探讨了碳水化合物的质量和数量与乳腺癌（BrCa）风险之间的关联，该研究对象为伊朗女性。
这是一项在伊朗伊玛目霍梅尼医院癌症研究中心进行的基于医院的病例对照研究。本研究纳入了 150 名新诊断的 BrCa 病例和 150 名健康对照者。记录了社会人口统计学和饮食数据以及人体测量学指标。
我们发现，CQI 较高与 BrCa 发病风险降低有关（ = 0.04）。在调整了潜在混杂因素后，我们观察到 CQI 与 BrCa 发病无关（ = 0.05）。GL（ = 0.12）、GI（ = 0.48）和膳食碳水化合物摄入量（ = 0.06）最高三分位的女性患 BrCa 的几率增加，但无统计学意义。坚持 LCDS（ = 0.09）也会降低患 BrCa 的几率，但无统计学意义。
我们的研究结果表明，CQI 与伊朗女性的 BrCa 风险无关。这一关系值得在前瞻性研究中进一步探讨。
