基于 PREDIMED 研究的血糖指数、血糖负荷和碳水化合物质量指数的血浆代谢组学特征。
Plasma Metabolomic Profiles of Glycemic Index, Glycemic Load, and Carbohydrate Quality Index in the PREDIMED Study.
机构信息
Universitat Rovira i Virgili, Biochemistry and Biotechnology Department, Human Nutrition Unit, Reus, Spain.
Pere i Virgili Health Research Institute (IISPV), Reus, Spain.
出版信息
J Nutr. 2021 Jan 4;151(1):50-58. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa345.
BACKGROUND
The quality of carbohydrate consumed, assessed by the glycemic index (GI), glycemic load (GL), or carbohydrate quality index (CQI), affects the postprandial glycemic and insulinemic responses, which have been implicated in the etiology of several chronic diseases. However, it is unclear whether plasma metabolites involved in different biological pathways could provide functional insights into the role of carbohydrate quality indices in health.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to identify plasma metabolomic profiles associated with dietary GI, GL, and CQI.
METHODS
The present study is a cross-sectional analysis of 1833 participants with overweight/obesity (mean age = 67 y) from 2 case-cohort studies nested within the PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) trial. Data extracted from validated FFQs were used to estimate the GI, GL, and CQI. Plasma concentrations of 385 metabolites were profiled with LC coupled to MS and associations of these metabolites with those indices were assessed with elastic net regression analyses.
RESULTS
A total of 58, 18, and 57 metabolites were selected for GI, GL, and CQI, respectively. Choline, cotinine, γ-butyrobetaine, and 36:3 phosphatidylserine plasmalogen were positively associated with GI and GL, whereas they were negatively associated with CQI. Fructose-glucose-galactose was negatively and positively associated with GI/GL and CQI, respectively. Consistent associations of 21 metabolites with both GI and CQI were found but in opposite directions. Negative associations of kynurenic acid, 22:1 sphingomyelin, and 38:6 phosphatidylethanolamine, as well as positive associations of 32:1 phosphatidylcholine with GI and GL were also observed. Pearson correlation coefficients between GI, GL, and CQI and the metabolomic profiles were 0.30, 0.22, and 0.27, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The GI, GL, and CQI were associated with specific metabolomic profiles in a Mediterranean population at high cardiovascular disease risk. Our findings may help in understanding the role of dietary carbohydrate indices in the development of cardiometabolic disorders. This trial was registered at isrctn.com as ISRCTN35739639.
背景
摄入的碳水化合物的质量，通过血糖指数（GI）、血糖负荷（GL）或碳水化合物质量指数（CQI）来评估，会影响餐后血糖和胰岛素反应，这些反应与多种慢性疾病的病因有关。然而，目前尚不清楚不同生物途径中的血浆代谢物是否可以为碳水化合物质量指数在健康中的作用提供功能见解。
目的
本研究旨在确定与饮食 GI、GL 和 CQI 相关的血浆代谢组学特征。
方法
本研究是对嵌套于 PREDIMED（地中海饮食预防）试验中的 2 项病例-队列研究中 1833 名超重/肥胖参与者（平均年龄 67 岁）的横断面分析。使用经过验证的 FFQ 提取的数据来估计 GI、GL 和 CQI。使用 LC-MS 对 385 种代谢物的浓度进行了分析，并使用弹性网络回归分析评估了这些代谢物与这些指数的关联。
结果
共选择了 58、18 和 57 种代谢物分别用于 GI、GL 和 CQI。胆碱、可替宁、γ-丁酰甜菜碱和 36:3 磷脂酰丝氨酸溶血磷脂酰甘油与 GI 和 GL 呈正相关，而与 CQI 呈负相关。果糖-葡萄糖-半乳糖与 GI/GL 和 CQI 分别呈负相关和正相关。还观察到 21 种代谢物与 GI 和 CQI 均存在一致的关联，但方向相反。犬尿氨酸、22:1 神经鞘磷脂和 38:6 磷脂酰乙醇胺呈负相关，32:1 磷脂酰胆碱与 GI 和 GL 呈正相关。GI、GL 和 CQI 与代谢组学特征之间的 Pearson 相关系数分别为 0.30、0.22 和 0.27。
结论
在心血管疾病风险较高的地中海人群中，GI、GL 和 CQI 与特定的代谢组学特征相关。我们的研究结果可能有助于理解饮食碳水化合物指数在代谢性心血管疾病发展中的作用。该试验在 isrctn.com 上注册为 ISRCTN35739639。
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