Joya Muhammad Reza, Naghshi Sina, Sadeghi Omid, Benisi-Kohansal Sanaz, Azadbakht Leila, Lotfi Keyhan, Ostadrahimi Alireza, Tutunchi Helda, Esmaillzadeh Ahmad
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Nutrition Department, Kabul University of Medical Sciences, Kabul, Afghanistan.
Health Promot Perspect. 2023 Sep 11;13(3):219-226. doi: 10.34172/hpp.2023.27. eCollection 2023.
The present study aimed to investigate the association between dietary linoleic acid (LA) intake and breast cancer in women.
In this population-based case-control study, we enrolled 350 pathologically confirmed breast cancer cases and 700 controls which were matched with cases in terms of age and socioeconomic status. Dietary intakes were assessed using a 106-item Willett-format semi-quantitative dish-based food frequency questionnaire (DS-FFQ). Odds ratios (ORs) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated.
A significant inverse association was found between LA intake and odds of breast cancer (OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.30-0.56). After adjusting for potential confounders, women in the highest tertile of dietary LA intake were 48% less likely to have breast cancer compared with those in the lowest tertile (OR: 0.52, 95% CI: 0.28-0.95). Such a significant inverse association was also seen among normal-weight women (OR: 0.29, 95% CI: 0.14-0.63), and premenopausal women (OR: 0.15, 95% CI: 0.02-0.95).
The findings of current study provide evidence for a protective role of LA against breast cancer particularly among normal-weight and premenopausal women. Prospective studies are needed to confirm this association.
本研究旨在调查女性膳食亚油酸（LA）摄入量与乳腺癌之间的关联。
在这项基于人群的病例对照研究中，我们纳入了350例经病理确诊的乳腺癌病例和700例对照，对照在年龄和社会经济地位方面与病例相匹配。膳食摄入量通过一份包含106个条目的威尔特格式半定量基于菜肴的食物频率问卷（DS-FFQ）进行评估。估计优势比（OR）及相应的95%置信区间（CI）。
发现LA摄入量与患乳腺癌的几率之间存在显著的负相关（OR：0.41，95%CI：0.30 - 0.56）。在对潜在混杂因素进行调整后，膳食LA摄入量处于最高三分位数的女性患乳腺癌的可能性比处于最低三分位数的女性低48%（OR：0.52，95%CI：0.28 - 0.95）。在正常体重女性（OR：0.29，95%CI：0.14 - 0.63）和绝经前女性（OR：0.15，95%CI：0.02 - 0.95）中也观察到了这种显著的负相关。
本研究结果为LA对乳腺癌具有保护作用提供了证据，尤其是在正常体重和绝经前女性中。需要进行前瞻性研究来证实这种关联。
