Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal.
Institute for Measurement, Methodology, Analysis and Policy, Department of Educational Psychology and Leadership, Texas Tech University.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2021 May;130(4):333-345. doi: 10.1037/abn0000542.
Cannabis use is linked to symptoms of depression and anxiety, particularly among sexual minorities. This study examines the relationships between cannabis, and depression and anxiety symptoms at 13, 15, and 17 years using cross-lagged models in a predominantly White (n = 1,430; 92%) subsample of 1,548 participants from the Quebec Longitudinal study of Child Development. Multigroup analyses were conducted to examine the models according to sexual orientation. Demographic covariates were included as control variables, as well as alcohol, cigarette, and other drug use to examine cannabis specificity. The full sample revealed small bidirectional associations, which remained significant once control variables were included in the model: cannabis at 13 and 15 years predicted anxiety symptoms at 15 and 17 years respectively, and depression symptoms at 15 years predicted cannabis at 17 years. The initial association between cannabis at 13 years and depression symptoms at 15 years was accounted for by other drug use at 13 years. Substantial differences were found between heterosexual participants and sexual minorities: LGB participants presented a substantially larger positive association between depression symptoms at 15 years and cannabis at 17 years, as well as a negative association between anxiety symptoms at 15 years and cannabis at 17 years. Both of these relationships remained significant when accounting for control variables. These results suggest that the relationships between cannabis, and depression and anxiety symptoms are bidirectional across adolescence, albeit small. Sexual minorities present particularly large associations that may represent self-medication efforts for depressive symptoms between 15 and 17 years. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
大麻使用与抑郁和焦虑症状有关，尤其是在性少数群体中。本研究使用横断面模型，在魁北克儿童发展纵向研究的 1548 名参与者中，主要为白人（n = 1430；92%）的亚组中，研究了大麻与 13、15 和 17 岁时抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关系。进行多组分析，根据性取向检查模型。将人口统计学协变量作为控制变量，以及酒精、香烟和其他药物使用情况，以检查大麻的特异性。全样本显示出微弱的双向关联，一旦在模型中包含控制变量，这些关联仍然显著：13 岁和 15 岁的大麻分别预测 15 岁和 17 岁的焦虑症状，15 岁的抑郁症状预测 17 岁的大麻使用。13 岁时大麻与 15 岁时抑郁症状之间的最初关联是由 13 岁时的其他药物使用引起的。在异性恋参与者和性少数群体之间发现了显著差异：LGB 参与者在 15 岁时的抑郁症状和 17 岁时的大麻使用之间存在更大的正相关，以及 15 岁时的焦虑症状和 17 岁时的大麻使用之间的负相关。在考虑控制变量时，这两种关系仍然显著。这些结果表明，大麻与抑郁和焦虑症状之间的关系在整个青春期是双向的，尽管幅度较小。性少数群体表现出特别大的关联，这可能代表 15 岁至 17 岁期间为缓解抑郁症状而进行的自我药物治疗。（PsycInfo 数据库记录（c）2021 APA，保留所有权利）。
