Baral Aayush, Hanna Fahad, Chimoriya Ritesh, Rana Kritika
Public Health Program, Department of Health and Education, Torrens University Australia, Melbourne, VIC 3000, Australia.
Philanthropy Nepal (Paropakari Nepal) Research Collaboration, Auburn, NSW 2144, Australia.
Epidemiologia (Basel). 2024 Feb 29;5(1):106-121. doi: 10.3390/epidemiologia5010007.
Cannabis is a widely used substance among the youth population, with an estimated 2.8% currently smoking cannabis. Its popularity is growing due to the perception of its harmless nature and lack of dependence. However, this increase in use has been linked to mental health issues, especially since its partial decriminalisation in some part of the United States and Australia. The objective of this scoping review was to investigate the mental health impact of cannabis use among young people in Australia and the United States. A scoping review was conducted according to the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) protocol, and articles were searched from ProQuest Central and EBSCO Host (MEDLINE and CINAHL databases). A total of 24 articles were analysed, including systematic reviews, meta-analyses, and cohort, longitudinal, and cross-sectional studies. The findings indicate that cannabis use is associated with depression, psychosis, suicide, cannabis use disorder, dependence, decline in cognitive function, and the development of externalising behaviour, particularly attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. However, the relationship between cannabis use and anxiety is equivocal. Mental health issues were more prevalent with increased frequency, duration, intensity, and type of use. Female, minority, LGBTQI, African American, Aboriginal, and Torres Strait Islander youth and the age of onset of cannabis use were significant factors for the development of mental health problems. The increasing prevalence of cannabis use among high school and college students suggests the need for intervention by teachers, parents, and community health professionals to make them aware of its potential negative mental health outcomes. Moreover, policy-level interventions by the government are required to discourage young people from using cannabis.
大麻是青少年群体中广泛使用的一种物质，估计目前有2.8%的青少年吸食大麻。由于人们认为它无害且不会使人上瘾，其受欢迎程度正在上升。然而，这种使用量的增加与心理健康问题有关，特别是在美国和澳大利亚的一些地区大麻部分合法化之后。本综述的目的是调查大麻使用对澳大利亚和美国年轻人心理健康的影响。根据乔安娜·布里格斯研究所（JBI）的方案进行了一项综述，文章从ProQuest Central和EBSCO Host（MEDLINE和CINAHL数据库）中检索。总共分析了24篇文章，包括系统评价、荟萃分析以及队列研究、纵向研究和横断面研究。研究结果表明，使用大麻与抑郁症、精神病、自杀、大麻使用障碍、成瘾、认知功能下降以及外化行为的发展有关，特别是注意力缺陷多动障碍。然而，大麻使用与焦虑之间的关系并不明确。心理健康问题在使用频率、持续时间、强度和使用类型增加时更为普遍。女性、少数族裔、LGBTQI群体、非裔美国人、原住民以及托雷斯海峡岛民青年和开始使用大麻的年龄是心理健康问题发展的重要因素。高中生和大学生中使用大麻的比例不断上升，这表明教师、家长和社区卫生专业人员需要进行干预，使他们意识到大麻对心理健康可能产生的负面后果。此外，政府需要在政策层面进行干预，以劝阻年轻人使用大麻。
