Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Shriners Hospital for Children.
Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Vascularized Composite Allotransplantation Laboratory, Center for Transplantation Sciences, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School; Shriners Hospital for Children; Service de Chirurgie Plastique, Hôpital Européen Georges Pompidou, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Université de Paris.
J Vis Exp. 2021 Jun 9(172). doi: 10.3791/62586.
Vascularized composite allotransplantations (VCA) represent the most advanced reconstruction option for patients without autologous surgical possibilities after a complex tissue defect. Face and hand transplantations have changed disfigured patients' lives, giving them a new aesthetic and functional social organ. Despite promising outcomes, VCA is still underperformed due to life-long immunosuppression comorbidities and infectious complications. The rat is an ideal animal model for in vivo studies investigating immunological pathways and graft rejection mechanisms. Rats are also widely used in novel composite tissue graft preservation techniques, including perfusion and cryopreservation studies. Models used for VCA in rats must be reproducible, reliable, and efficient with low postoperative morbidity and mortality. Heterotopic limb transplantation procedures fulfill these criteria and are easier to perform than orthotopic limb transplants. Mastering rodent microsurgical models requires solid experience in microsurgery and animal care. Herein is reported a reliable and reproducible model of partial heterotopic osteomyocutaneous flap transplantation in rats, the postoperative outcomes, and the means of prevention of potential complications.
血管化复合组织同种异体移植（VCA）代表了一种最先进的重建选择，适用于在复杂组织缺损后没有自体手术可能性的患者。面部和手部移植改变了毁容患者的生活，为他们提供了新的美学和功能社交器官。尽管结果很有希望，但由于终生免疫抑制合并症和感染并发症，VCA 的效果仍然不佳。大鼠是研究免疫途径和移植物排斥机制的体内研究的理想动物模型。大鼠还广泛用于新型复合组织移植物保存技术，包括灌注和冷冻保存研究。用于大鼠 VCA 的模型必须具有可重复性、可靠性和高效率，且术后发病率和死亡率低。异位肢体移植程序符合这些标准，并且比原位肢体移植更容易进行。掌握啮齿动物显微外科模型需要在显微外科和动物护理方面具有扎实的经验。本文报道了一种可靠且可重复的大鼠部分异位骨肌皮瓣移植模型，介绍了术后结果以及预防潜在并发症的方法。
