Laboratory of Environmental Biotechnology and Ecotoxicology, Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil; Federal Institute of Education, Science and Technology of Goiás (IFG), Câmpus Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
Norwegian Institute for Water Research (NIVA), Section of Ecotoxicology and Risk Assessment, Gaustadalléen 21, N-0349 Oslo, Norway.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Nov 1;793:148633. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.148633. Epub 2021 Jun 22.
Sediment is an important compartment in aquatic environments and acts as a sink for environmental pollutants. Sediment toxicity tests have been suggested as critical components in environmental risk assessment. Since the zebrafish (Danio rerio) has been indicated as an emerging model system in ecotoxicological tests, a scientometric and systematic review was performed to evaluate the use of zebrafish as an experimental model system in sediment toxicity assessment. A total of 97 papers were systematically analyzed and summarized. The historical and geographical distributions were evaluated and the data concerning the experimental design, type of sediment toxicity tests and approach (predictive or retrospective), pollutants and stressors, zebrafish developmental stages and biomarkers responses were summarized and discussed. The use of zebrafish to assess the sediment toxicity started in 1996, using mainly a retrospective approach. After this, research showed an increasing trend, especially after 2014-2015. Zebrafish exposed to pollutant-bound sediments showed bioaccumulation and several toxic effects, such as molecular, biochemical, morphological, physiological and behavioral changes. Zebrafish is a suitable model system to assess the toxicity of freshwater, estuarine and marine sediments, and sediment spiked in the laboratory. The pollutant-bound sediment toxicity in zebrafish seems to be overall dependent on physical and chemical properties of pollutants, experimental design, environmental factor, developmental stages and presence of organic natural matter. Overall, results showed that the zebrafish embryos and larvae are suitable model systems to assess the sediment-associated pollutant toxicity.
沉积物是水生环境中的一个重要组成部分，是环境污染物的汇。沉积物毒性测试被认为是环境风险评估的关键组成部分。由于斑马鱼（Danio rerio）已被证明是生态毒理学测试中的新兴模型系统，因此进行了科学计量学和系统评价，以评估斑马鱼作为沉积物毒性评估实验模型系统的使用情况。共系统分析和总结了 97 篇论文。评估了其历史和地理分布，并总结和讨论了有关实验设计、沉积物毒性测试类型和方法（预测或回顾性）、污染物和胁迫物、斑马鱼发育阶段和生物标志物反应的数据。1996 年开始使用斑马鱼评估沉积物毒性，主要采用回顾性方法。此后，尤其是在 2014-2015 年之后，研究呈上升趋势。暴露于污染物结合沉积物的斑马鱼显示出生物积累和多种毒性效应，例如分子、生化、形态、生理和行为变化。斑马鱼是评估淡水、河口和海洋沉积物以及实验室中添加的沉积物毒性的合适模型系统。在斑马鱼中，污染物结合沉积物的毒性似乎总体上取决于污染物的物理和化学性质、实验设计、环境因素、发育阶段和有机天然物质的存在。总的来说，结果表明，斑马鱼胚胎和幼虫是评估与沉积物相关的污染物毒性的合适模型系统。
