Kay S R, Wolkenfeld F, Murrill L M
Department of Psychiatry, Albert Einstein College of Medicine/Montefiore Medical Center, Bronx, New York.
J Nerv Ment Dis. 1988 Sep;176(9):539-46. doi: 10.1097/00005053-198809000-00007.
Based on the Yudofsky scale, a Modified Overt Aggression Scale (MOAS) with upgraded psychometric properties was developed to assess the nature and prevalence of aggression in a psychiatric population. The present report describes the standardization of this scale and the pattern of findings on two cohorts of 114 and 150 inpatients. The results support the discriminative validity of the MOAS and its internal, interrater, and retest reliabilities. Within 1 week some form of aggression was noted in about one fourth of the patient samples, with verbal aggression the most prevalent and autoaggression the least. Chronic patients showed the lowest incidence of physical assault and general aggression, whereas gender differences and daily variations were not significant. Greater stability of aggression was demonstrated for patient groups and for forms of aggression with higher base rates and for the short term (within 1 week) rather than the long course (3 months). The high prevalence of aggression and the consistency of profiles across patient samples suggested that sensitive, multivariable scaling can improve the accuracy of measurement and the depiction of the construct.
基于尤多夫斯基量表，开发了一种心理测量特性得到提升的改良外显攻击量表（MOAS），以评估精神科人群中攻击行为的性质和普遍性。本报告描述了该量表的标准化过程以及在两组分别为114名和150名住院患者中的调查结果模式。结果支持了MOAS的区分效度及其内部、评分者间和重测信度。在1周内，约四分之一的患者样本中出现了某种形式的攻击行为，其中言语攻击最为普遍，自我攻击最少。慢性患者身体攻击和总体攻击的发生率最低，而性别差异和每日变化不显著。患者群体、基础发生率较高的攻击形式以及短期内（1周内）而非长期（3个月）的攻击行为表现出更高的稳定性。攻击行为的高普遍性以及患者样本间概况的一致性表明，灵敏的多变量量表可以提高测量的准确性和对该结构的描述。
