Sleep Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital/Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences/Guangdong Provincial Geriatrics Institute, Guangzhou, 510080, China.
Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou, 515041, China.
Sleep Breath. 2022 Jun;26(2):595-604. doi: 10.1007/s11325-021-02421-0. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
This study aims to assess changes in cardiac imageology of patients with mild obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) without cardiovascular disease.
All enrolled participants underwent polysomnography (PSG). Some participants underwent transthoracic echocardiography, speckle tracking echocardiography, and cardiac-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) if they were willing. They were divided into three groups according to PSG results: non-OSA, mild OSA, and moderate-to-severe OSA. Imageology parameters were compared, and the relationship between OSA severity and imageology indices was analyzed by correlation analysis and multiple linear regression.
Of the 352 enrolled participants, 274 participants with OSA had an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) of ≥ 5 (86 mild OSA and 188 moderate-to-severe OSA cases), and 78 participants with non-OSA had an AHI of < 5. Transthoracic echocardiography showed that E/A and E'/A' values were lower in the mild OSA group than in the non-OSA group (1.12 ± 0.37 vs 1.27 ± 0.45 and 0.83 ± 0.33 vs 0.99 ± 0.42, respectively, p < 0.05). The aorta and ascending aorta widths were smaller in the mild OSA group than in the moderate-and-severe OSA groups (27.36 ± 2.87 mm vs 28.87 ± 2.95 mm and 30.27 ± 3.79 mm vs 31.63 ± 3.74 mm, respectively, p < 0.05). A regression analysis showed that cardiac function changes in patients with OSA may be related to age, obesity, and OSA severity.
Patients with mild OSA without cardiovascular disease displayed changes in cardiac structure and function on transthoracic echocardiography.
本研究旨在评估无心血管疾病的轻度阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者的心脏影像学变化。
所有入组患者均行多导睡眠图（PSG）检查。部分患者愿意行经胸超声心动图、斑点追踪超声心动图和心脏增强磁共振成像（MRI）检查。根据 PSG 结果将患者分为三组：非 OSA 组、轻度 OSA 组和中重度 OSA 组。比较各组心脏影像学参数，采用相关分析和多元线性回归分析 OSA 严重程度与影像学指标的关系。
352 例入组患者中，274 例 OSA 患者的睡眠呼吸暂停低通气指数（AHI）≥5（86 例轻度 OSA，188 例中重度 OSA），78 例非 OSA 患者的 AHI<5。经胸超声心动图显示，轻度 OSA 组的 E/A 和 E'/A'值均低于非 OSA 组（1.12±0.37 比 1.27±0.45 和 0.83±0.33 比 0.99±0.42，p<0.05）。与中重度 OSA 组相比，轻度 OSA 组的主动脉和升主动脉宽度较小（27.36±2.87mm 比 28.87±2.95mm 和 30.27±3.79mm 比 31.63±3.74mm，p<0.05）。回归分析显示，OSA 患者的心脏功能变化可能与年龄、肥胖和 OSA 严重程度有关。
无心血管疾病的轻度 OSA 患者经胸超声心动图显示心脏结构和功能发生变化。
