Department of Psychiatry, Nara Medical University School of Medicine, Kashihara, Japan.
Department of Functional Brain Imaging, Institute for Quantum Medical Science, Quantum Life and Medical Science Directorate, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, Chiba, Japan.
Autism Res. 2021 Sep;14(9):1886-1895. doi: 10.1002/aur.2558. Epub 2021 Jun 29.
Compared to typically developing (TD) children, people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) have an increased risk of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs). Exposure to ACEs is associated with adult ASD psychological comorbidities, such as posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Occurrence of intrusive event reexperiencing, characteristic of PTSD, often causes social dysfunction in adults with ASD, but its pathological basis is unclear. This study examined brain regions related to the severity of intrusive reexperiencing and explored whether ACE severity was associated with that of intrusive reexperiencing and/or extracted regional gray matter volume. Forty-six individuals with ASD and 41 TD subjects underwent T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and evaluation of ACEs and intrusive reexperiencing. Brain regions related to the severity of intrusive reexperiencing in both groups were identified by voxel-based whole brain analyses. Associations among the severity of intrusive reexperiencing, that of ACEs, and gray matter volume were examined in both groups. The severities of intrusive reexperiencing and ACEs were significantly associated with reduced gray matter volume in the right precuneus in individuals with ASD but not in TD subjects. Although the right precuneus gray matter volume was smaller in individuals with ASD and severe ACEs than in those with mild ACEs or TD subjects, it was similar in the latter two groups. However, ACE-dependent gray matter volume reduction in the right precuneus led to intrusive reexperiencing in individuals with ASD. This suggests that exposure to ACEs is associated with right precuneus gray matter reduction, which is critical for intrusive reexperiencing in adults with ASD. LAY SUMMARY: Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at increased risk of adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and of subsequent manifestation of intrusive reexperiencing of stressful life events. The present study found that reduced gray matter volume in the right precuneus of the brain was associated with more severe intrusive reexperiencing of ACEs by individuals with ASD. These results suggest that ACEs affect neural development in the precuneus, which is the pathological basis of intrusive event reexperiencing in ASD.
与典型发育（TD）儿童相比，自闭症谱系障碍（ASD）患者发生不良童年经历（ACEs）的风险增加。暴露于 ACEs 与 ASD 成人的心理共病有关，例如创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。 PTSD 的特征是侵入性事件再体验的发生，这常常导致 ASD 成人的社交功能障碍，但其病理基础尚不清楚。本研究检查了与侵入性再体验严重程度相关的大脑区域，并探讨了 ACE 严重程度是否与侵入性再体验严重程度相关，以及/或者与提取的区域灰质体积相关。46 名 ASD 患者和 41 名 TD 受试者接受了 T1 加权磁共振成像以及 ACE 和侵入性再体验评估。通过基于体素的全脑分析，确定了两组中与侵入性再体验严重程度相关的大脑区域。在两组中，都检查了侵入性再体验严重程度、ACE 严重程度和灰质体积之间的相关性。ASD 患者中，侵入性再体验严重程度和 ACE 严重程度与右侧楔前叶灰质体积减少显著相关，但 TD 受试者中则没有。尽管 ASD 患者中右侧楔前叶灰质体积在 ACE 严重程度较高和 ACE 严重程度较轻的患者中比 TD 受试者小，但在后两组中则相似。然而，右侧楔前叶灰质体积的 ACE 依赖性减少导致 ASD 患者出现侵入性再体验。这表明，暴露于 ACEs 与右侧楔前叶灰质减少有关，而后者对 ASD 成人的侵入性再体验至关重要。
解析：这是一段医学专业文献的翻译，内容涉及自闭症谱系障碍、不良童年经历、创伤后应激障碍、大脑区域、灰质体积等多个专业术语和概念。在翻译过程中，需要准确理解原文的含义，并使用专业的医学术语进行翻译。同时，为了使译文更加流畅和易懂，还需要对句子结构进行适当的调整和优化。
