Department of Biology, Center for Biodiversity, 1925 N 12th St Suite 502, Philadelphia, PA 19122, USA.
Zootaxa. 2021 May 20;4974(2):201257. doi: 10.11646/zootaxa.4974.2.1.
Lizards of the family Diploglossidae occur in moist, tropical forests of Middle America, South America, and Caribbean islands. Our analyses based on new molecular and morphological data indicate that the widely distributed genera Celestus Gray, 1839 and Diploglossus Wiegmann, 1834 are paraphyletic. We restrict the former to Caribbean islands and the latter to South America and Caribbean islands. We assign species in Middle America, formerly placed in Celestus and Diploglossus, to Advenus gen. nov., Mesoamericus gen. nov., and Siderolamprus Cope, 1861. We assign species on Caribbean islands, formerly placed in Celestus, to Caribicus gen. nov., Comptus gen. nov., Celestus, Panolopus Cope, 1862, Sauresia Gray, 1852, and Wetmorena Cochran, 1927. Our phylogenetic tree supports three major clades in the family: Celestinae subfam. nov. (Advenus gen. nov., Caribicus gen. nov., Comptus gen. nov., Celestus, Panolopus, Sauresia, and Wetmorena), Diploglossinae (Diploglossus and Ophiodes Wagler, 1828), and Siderolamprinae subfam. nov. (Mesoamericus gen. nov. and Siderolamprus). Our timetree indicates that the diploglossid lineage originated in the early Cenozoic and established three major centers of diversification in the Americas: Middle America (siderolamprines and one celestine), South America (diploglossines), and Caribbean islands (celestines and diploglossines). The majority of threatened species are on Caribbean islands, with the major threats being deforestation and predation by the introduced mongoose. Molecular and morphological data indicate that there are many undescribed species in this family of lizards.
双足蜥科的蜥蜴分布于中美洲、南美洲和加勒比海岛屿的潮湿热带森林中。我们的分析基于新的分子和形态学数据，表明广泛分布的 Celestus Gray, 1839 和 Diploglossus Wiegmann, 1834 两个属是并系的。我们将前者限制在加勒比海岛屿，后者限制在南美洲和加勒比海岛屿。我们将中美洲以前归入 Celestus 和 Diploglossus 的物种归入 Advenus 属、Mesoamericus 属和 Siderolamprus Cope, 1861。我们将以前归入 Celestus 的加勒比海岛屿上的物种归入 Caribicus 属、Comptus 属、Celestus、Panolopus Cope, 1862、Sauresia Gray, 1852 和 Wetmorena Cochran, 1927。我们的系统发育树支持该科有三个主要分支：Celestinae 亚科（Advenus 属、Caribicus 属、Comptus 属、Celestus、Panolopus、Sauresia 和 Wetmorena）、Diploglossinae（Diploglossus 和 Ophiodes Wagler, 1828）和 Siderolamprinae 亚科（Mesoamericus 属和 Siderolamprus）。我们的时间树表明，双足蜥科的谱系起源于新生代早期，并在美洲建立了三个主要的多样化中心：中美洲（侧线蜥蜴和一个 celestine）、南美洲（diploglossines）和加勒比海岛屿（celestines 和 diploglossines）。大多数受威胁的物种都在加勒比海岛屿上，主要威胁是森林砍伐和引入的黄鼠狼的捕食。分子和形态学数据表明，该蜥蜴科有许多未被描述的物种。
