van Zoonen K, Ruijs W L M, De Melker H E, Bongers M E J, Mollema L
Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), PO Box 1, 3720 BA, Bilthoven, The Netherlands.
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jun 29;21(1):1257. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11344-0.
Effective and safe vaccines are available outside national immunization programs (NIP). Increased awareness and vaccine uptake can improve public health. Before the inclusion of maternal pertussis vaccination (MPV) in the Dutch NIP in December 2019, extra communication efforts were undertaken. Here we examine the success of these efforts, investigating women's awareness of and their decision-making process regarding MPV.
Between December 2018 and January 2019, one year before the introduction of MPV in the NIP, and about three years after MPV was recommended by the Dutch Health Council, pregnant and non-pregnant women (i.e. child younger than two years) were invited to fill out an online questionnaire. Participant's decision-making processes regarding MPV were assessed with an adapted Precaution Adoption Process Model (PAPM), including stages of awareness, engagement, information-seeking, and vaccination behaviour. Furthermore, factors related to the decision-making process were examined.
In total, 942 women were included, of whom 62% were non-pregnant. Most of the pregnant and nonpregnant women were aware of MPV during pregnancy (respectively 69 and 56%). Most aware women had heard about MPV through their midwife and the Public Health Institute (PHI) website. Women unaware of MPV reported a need for information, preferably from their midwives. Most aware women felt MPV was important to them (88%) and were classified as "engaged". Of the eligible and "engaged" pregnant women, 58% were vaccinated, versus 38% of "engaged" non-pregnant women.
As the most preferred and trusted source of information, midwives are essential to increasing awareness of MPV. The PHI website is considered to be a reliable information source and is often consulted. To increase awareness, appropriate healthcare workers should be encouraged to actively inform target groups about available, additional vaccinations.
国家免疫规划（NIP）之外有有效且安全的疫苗。提高认知度和疫苗接种率可改善公众健康。在2019年12月荷兰国家免疫规划纳入孕产妇百日咳疫苗接种（MPV）之前，开展了额外的宣传工作。在此，我们考察这些工作的成效，调查女性对MPV的认知情况及其决策过程。
在国家免疫规划引入MPV的前一年，即2018年12月至2019年1月期间，以及荷兰卫生委员会推荐MPV约三年后，邀请孕妇和非孕妇（即两岁以下儿童的母亲）填写一份在线问卷。采用经过调整的预防采纳过程模型（PAPM）评估参与者关于MPV的决策过程，包括认知、参与、信息寻求和疫苗接种行为等阶段。此外，还考察了与决策过程相关的因素。
共纳入942名女性，其中62%为非孕妇。大多数孕妇和非孕妇在孕期知晓MPV（分别为69%和56%）。大多数知晓的女性是通过助产士和公共卫生研究所（PHI）网站了解到MPV的。不知晓MPV的女性表示需要信息，最好是从助产士处获取。大多数知晓的女性认为MPV对她们很重要（88%），并被归类为“参与型”。在符合条件且“参与型”的孕妇中，58%接种了疫苗，而“参与型”非孕妇的接种率为38%。
作为最受青睐和信任的信息来源，助产士对于提高对MPV的认知至关重要。PHI网站被认为是一个可靠的信息来源，且常被查阅。为提高认知度，应鼓励合适的医护人员积极向目标群体宣传可获得的额外疫苗接种信息。
