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胸主动脉瘤。猪的实验模型。

Thoracic aortic aneurysm. An experimental model in pigs.

机构信息

MD. Postgraduate Program in Surgical Sciences - Medical Faculty - Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul - Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.

Associate Professor. Medicine Faculty, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Head. Vascular Surgery Department - Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre - Porto Alegre (RS), Brazil.

出版信息

Acta Cir Bras. 2021 Jun 25;36(6):e360602. doi: 10.1590/ACB360602. eCollection 2021.

DOI:10.1590/ACB360602
PMID:34190838
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8232061/
Abstract

PURPOSE

To describe an unpublished experimental model of descending thoracic aortic aneurysm in pigs.

METHODS

Ten Landrace female pigs aged 10 to 12 weeks old and with initial weights from 17 to 25 kg were anesthetized and their descending thoracic aortas exposed by fifth intercostal space left thoracotomy. The thoracic aorta was isolated. A 2-cm wide × 2-cm long patch of ready-made bovine pericardium was sewn onto the left anterolateral side of the aorta. After three weeks' follow-up, a control aortography was taken, and the animals were euthanized. The segment of thoracic aorta containing the aneurysm and the adherent tissues were explanted en bloc. The specimens were stained for histological examination.

RESULTS

One hundred percent of the animals survived the procedure, and after sacrifice a patent aneurysm was observed in all of them. There were no defects on the suture lines. Weight gain during follow-up was normal. All specimens exhibited intense adventitial reaction with myofibroblasts. There were no complications related to the thoracotomy.

CONCLUSIONS

The descending thoracic aortic aneurysms induced experimentally appear to be stable, were of easy execution, with null mortality and no influence on the animals' normal development. Furthermore, they have similar characteristics to those observed in human degenerative aneurysms.

摘要

目的

描述一种猪降主动脉夹层动脉瘤的实验模型。

方法

10 只 10-12 周龄、初始体重 17-25kg 的长白母猪通过第五肋间左开胸术暴露降主动脉。将胸主动脉分离出来，用 2cm 宽×2cm 长的现成牛心包片将其左侧前外侧壁缝合。术后 3 周进行对照性主动脉造影，然后处死动物。整块取出包含动脉瘤和粘连组织的胸主动脉段。对标本进行组织学染色。

结果

所有动物均顺利完成手术，且 100%的动物在术后存活，所有动物的主动脉均出现明显的动脉瘤。缝线处无缺陷。术后动物的体重增加正常。所有标本均表现出强烈的外膜反应，有肌成纤维细胞。开胸术无相关并发症。

结论

本实验诱导的降主动脉夹层动脉瘤较为稳定，操作简单，死亡率为零，对动物的正常生长发育无影响。此外，这些动脉瘤与人类退行性动脉瘤的特征相似。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/76e081fc8722/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf06.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/6e8b825bc406/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/62774faf1e2c/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/c453bdfcc2f8/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/8d335502046c/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf04.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/5319ca530a14/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf05.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/76e081fc8722/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf06.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/6e8b825bc406/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf01.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/62774faf1e2c/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf02.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/c453bdfcc2f8/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf03.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/8d335502046c/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf04.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/5319ca530a14/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf05.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/2508/8232061/76e081fc8722/1678-2674-acb-36-6-e360602-gf06.jpg

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本文引用的文献

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Ann Thorac Surg. 2008 Jan;85(1 Suppl):S1-41. doi: 10.1016/j.athoracsur.2007.10.099.
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Endovascular skills training and assessment.血管内技能培训与评估。
J Vasc Surg. 2007 Nov;46(5):1055-64. doi: 10.1016/j.jvs.2007.05.041.
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Assessing the effectiveness of endografts: clinical and experimental perspectives.评估腔内移植物的有效性：临床与实验视角
动物模型、发病机制和胸主动脉瘤的潜在治疗方法。
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Porcine transfer study: virtual reality simulator training compared with porcine training in endovascular novices.猪模型转移研究：血管内新手的虚拟现实模拟器训练与猪模型训练的比较
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Thoracic aortic aneurysm and dissection: increasing prevalence and improved outcomes reported in a nationwide population-based study of more than 14,000 cases from 1987 to 2002.胸主动脉瘤和夹层：在一项基于全国人口的研究中报告显示，1987年至2002年期间超过14000例病例的患病率增加且预后改善。
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Simulation devices in interventional radiology: caveat emptor.介入放射学中的模拟设备： buyer beware（原意为“购买者自行小心”，这里意译为“购买者需谨慎” ）
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