Sun Xiao, Lu Zongqing, Zhang Xiaomei, Salathe Marcel, Cao Guohong
Department of Computer Science and EngineeringThe Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802USA.
Department of BiologyThe Pennsylvania State University University ParkPA16802USA.
IEEE Access. 2016;4:1558-1569. doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2016.2551199. Epub 2016 Apr 6.
Infectious diseases pose a serious threat to public health due to its high infectivity and potentially high mortality. One of the most effective ways to protect people from being infected by these diseases is through vaccination. However, due to various resource constraints, vaccinating all the people in a community is not practical. Therefore, targeted vaccination, which vaccinates a small group of people, is an alternative approach to contain infectious diseases. Since many infectious diseases spread among people by droplet transmission within a certain range, we deploy a wireless sensor system in a high school to collect contacts happened within the disease transmission distance. Based on the collected traces, a graph is constructed to model the disease propagation, and a new metric (called connectivity centrality) is presented to find the important nodes in the constructed graph for disease containment. Connectivity centrality considers both a node's local and global effect to measure its importance in disease propagation. Centrality based algorithms are presented and further enhanced by exploiting the information of the known infected nodes, which can be detected during targeted vaccination. Simulation results show that our algorithms can effectively contain infectious diseases and outperform other schemes under various conditions.
传染病因其高传染性和潜在的高死亡率对公众健康构成严重威胁。保护人们免受这些疾病感染的最有效方法之一是通过接种疫苗。然而，由于各种资源限制，为社区中的所有人接种疫苗并不实际。因此，针对一小部分人群进行接种的靶向疫苗接种是控制传染病的一种替代方法。由于许多传染病通过在一定范围内的飞沫传播在人群中传播，我们在一所高中部署了一个无线传感器系统，以收集在疾病传播距离内发生的接触情况。基于收集到的轨迹，构建一个图来模拟疾病传播，并提出一种新的度量（称为连通性中心性）来在构建的图中找到对疾病控制重要的节点。连通性中心性同时考虑节点的局部和全局影响来衡量其在疾病传播中的重要性。提出了基于中心性的算法，并通过利用在靶向疫苗接种期间可以检测到的已知感染节点的信息进一步增强。模拟结果表明，我们的算法可以有效地控制传染病，并且在各种条件下都优于其他方案。
