Department of Infectious Diseases, Pediatrics Center of Excellence, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Pediatric Infectious Disease Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Basic Clin Physiol Pharmacol. 2021 Jul 1;33(1):79-84. doi: 10.1515/jbcpp-2021-0057.
Although coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prognosis is mostly good in pediatric patients with no underlying diseases, there are a few reports on children with oncological underlying malignancies. This study aimed to describe the clinical and laboratory features of 20 children with COVID-19 who had underlying malignancies in an Iranian referral pediatrics hospital.
All children under 15-year-old of age with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) positive real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and presence of an underlying malignancy were included in the study.
In this study, among 20 patients, 11 were male (55%). The mean age of the patients was 6.0 ± 4.1 years. Twelve patients (60%) had acute lymphocytic leukemia, two had acute myeloid leukemia (10%), and six had solid organ tumors (30%). The most common symptoms were fever (65%) and cough (65%). We reported severe pneumonia in seven hospitalized patients (35%) and three patients (20%) required intensive care unit admission and mechanical ventilation. Procalcitonin was normal in 73% of the cases (11 out of 15), but it was highly elevated in four cases (27%). Five patients (25%) had positive blood cultures and a mortality of 20% was reported.
This is the largest study on SARS-CoV-2 infected pediatric patients with underlying malignancies in Iran. Since the risk of exposure to SARS-CoV-2 and even death in children with malignancy, either in the hospital or community setting during the pandemic is high, special precautions to reduce the risk of transmission are highly suggested.
尽管在无基础疾病的儿科患者中，2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的预后大多良好，但也有少数关于患有肿瘤基础恶性肿瘤的儿童的报告。本研究旨在描述在伊朗转诊儿科医院中 20 名患有基础恶性肿瘤的 COVID-19 儿童的临床和实验室特征。
本研究纳入了年龄在 15 岁以下、严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）实时聚合酶链反应（PCR）阳性且存在基础恶性肿瘤的所有儿童。
在这项研究中，20 名患者中有 11 名男性（55％）。患者的平均年龄为 6.0±4.1 岁。12 名患者（60％）患有急性淋巴细胞白血病，2 名患者患有急性髓细胞性白血病（10％），6 名患者患有实体器官肿瘤（30％）。最常见的症状是发烧（65％）和咳嗽（65％）。我们报告了 7 名住院患者中有 3 名（35％）患有严重肺炎，有 3 名患者（20％）需要入住重症监护病房并进行机械通气。15 例中的 11 例（73％）降钙素原正常，但 4 例（27％）降钙素原高度升高。有 5 名患者（25％）血液培养阳性，报告死亡率为 20％。
这是伊朗关于 SARS-CoV-2 感染基础恶性肿瘤的儿科患者的最大研究。由于在大流行期间，儿童无论是在医院还是社区环境中，暴露于 SARS-CoV-2 甚至死亡的风险都很高，因此强烈建议采取特殊预防措施来降低传播风险。
