压力管理技能和应激性生活事件与过敏风险的关联：中国南方的一项病例对照研究
Association of stress management skills and stressful life events with allergy risk: a case-control study in southern China.
作者信息
Cheng Jingru, Li Fei, Lai Yigui, Chen Jieyu, Sun Xiaomin, Xiang Lei, Jiang Pingping, Wu Shengwei, Xiao Ya, Zhou Lin, Luo Ren, Zhao Xiaoshan, Liu Yanyan
机构信息
Department of Nephrology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
出版信息
BMC Public Health. 2021 Jun 30;21(1):1279. doi: 10.1186/s12889-021-11333-3.
BACKGROUND
Psychosocial stress and stressful life events are known to aggravate allergic diseases. Less is known about the impact of stress management skills on allergies. Here we sought to determine whether stress management skills are associated with the allergies and to assess the combined effects of stress management skills and stressful events on allergy risk.
METHODS
A survey on risk factors for self-reported allergic diseases was carried out among 28,144 southern Chinese people; 14 stressful life events and 8 stress management skills were retrospectively recorded in a case-control setting with multivariate logistic regression analysis. Multiplicative and additive interactions between stressful events and stress management skills were evaluated.
RESULTS
Stressful events significantly increased allergy risk. The odds ratio (OR) for allergies was 1.65 (95% confidence interval CI, 1.41-1.93) for those reporting one or two stressful events and 3.10 (95% CI, 2.55-3.79) for those reporting more than three stressful events compared to participants without stressful events. Stress management skills were adversely associated with allergic risk for people experiencing stressful events (OR, 0.71; 95% CI, 0.53-0.97) when adjusted demographically, particularly "concentrate on pleasant thoughts at bedtime" (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.51-0.89), "pace myself to prevent tiredness" (OR, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.54-0.83), "get enough sleep" (OR, 0.48; 95% CI, 0.32-0.72) and "take some time for relaxation each day" (OR, 0.55; 95% CI, 0.37-0.80). But in people without stressful events, no association was observed. There was a significant linear trend for allergy risk from good stress management skills with no stressful events to poor stress management skills with stressful events (P < 0.001), with significant interaction in additive models (P = 0.006).
CONCLUSIONS
There are independent and antagonistic combined associations of stressful life events and stress management skills with allergy risk. The data supports the use of stress management skills in managing allergic disease among people with stressful life events.
背景
已知心理社会压力和应激性生活事件会加重过敏性疾病。关于压力管理技能对过敏的影响，人们了解较少。在此，我们试图确定压力管理技能是否与过敏相关，并评估压力管理技能和应激事件对过敏风险的综合影响。
方法
对28144名中国南方人群进行了一项关于自我报告的过敏性疾病危险因素的调查；在病例对照研究中，回顾性记录了14种应激性生活事件和8种压力管理技能，并进行多因素逻辑回归分析。评估了应激事件和压力管理技能之间的相乘和相加交互作用。
结果
应激事件显著增加过敏风险。与没有应激事件的参与者相比，报告有一或两个应激事件的人患过敏的优势比（OR）为1.65（95%置信区间CI，1.41 - 1.93），报告有三个以上应激事件的人患过敏的优势比为3.10（95%CI，2.55 - 3.79）。在对人口统计学因素进行调整后，压力管理技能与经历应激事件的人的过敏风险呈负相关（OR，0.71；95%CI，0.53 - 0.97），特别是“睡前专注于愉快的想法”（OR，0.67；95%CI，0.51 - 0.89）、“合理安排节奏以避免疲劳”（OR，0.67；95%CI，0.54 - 0.83）、“保证充足睡眠”（OR，0.48；95%CI，0.32 - 0.72）和“每天花些时间放松”（OR，0.55；95%CI，0.37 - 0.80）。但在没有应激事件的人群中，未观察到相关性。从没有应激事件且压力管理技能良好到有应激事件且压力管理技能较差，过敏风险存在显著的线性趋势（P < 0.001），在相加模型中有显著的交互作用（P = 0.006）。
结论
应激性生活事件和压力管理技能与过敏风险存在独立且相互拮抗的联合关联。这些数据支持在有应激性生活事件的人群中使用压力管理技能来管理过敏性疾病。
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