Institute of Ecomedicine, Paracelsus Medical University Salzburg, 5020 Salzburg, Austria.
Department of Physiotherapy, Salzburg University of Applied Sciences, 5412 Puch/Urstein, Austria.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019 Jun 8;16(11):2040. doi: 10.3390/ijerph16112040.
Physical exercise is often recommended as additional treatment for people suffering from allergic rhinitis and/or asthma, but less is known about the specific effects of recreational winter outdoor exercise on allergic airway inflammation. We performed a longitudinal, randomized controlled intervention study to investigate the effects of recreational winter exercise on allergic airway inflammation, quality of life, spirometry and cardiorespiratory fitness in adults suffering from allergic rhinitis and/or asthma. The exercise group participated in a ten-day winter sports program. The control group did not receive any intervention. A significant improvement of fractional oral exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO; = 0.008, day 10) and a significant decrease in FeNO after a single 4 h hiking tour ( < 0.001, time effect) were observed for the exercise group. The nasal eosinophilic cell count revealed a short-term reduction ( = 0.021, treatment effect) in the exercise group and for the visual analogue scale sustainable improvements in allergic symptoms ( < 0.001, day 60) were found. No adverse effects of outdoor winter exercise were observed. Recreational winter exercise at moderately cold temperatures reduces allergic airway inflammation measured as FeNO, nasal eosinophilic cell count and induces sustainable improvements in allergic symptoms.
体育锻炼通常被推荐作为治疗过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘患者的辅助治疗方法，但对于冬季户外娱乐性运动对过敏性气道炎症的具体影响知之甚少。我们进行了一项纵向、随机对照干预研究，以调查娱乐性冬季运动对过敏性鼻炎和/或哮喘成年人的过敏性气道炎症、生活质量、肺活量和心肺功能的影响。运动组参加了为期十天的冬季运动项目。对照组未接受任何干预。运动组的呼气一氧化氮分数（FeNO； = 0.008，第 10 天）显著改善，单次 4 小时徒步旅行后的 FeNO 显著下降（<0.001，时间效应）。鼻嗜酸性粒细胞计数显示运动组短期减少（ = 0.021，治疗效果），并且过敏症状的视觉模拟量表可持续改善（<0.001，第 60 天）。未观察到户外冬季运动的不良反应。在适度寒冷的温度下进行娱乐性冬季运动可降低 FeNO、鼻嗜酸性粒细胞计数等指标测量的过敏性气道炎症，并诱导过敏症状的可持续改善。
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