Department of Biochemical Diagnostics, University Hospital in Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
Department of Neurodegeneration Diagnostics, Medical University of Białystok, 15-269 Białystok, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 7;22(11):6126. doi: 10.3390/ijms22116126.
Angiogenesis, a complex, multistep process of forming new blood vessels, plays crucial role in normal development, embryogenesis, and wound healing. Malignant tumors characterized by increased proliferation also require new vasculature to provide an adequate supply of oxygen and nutrients for developing tumor. Gliomas are among the most frequent primary tumors of the central nervous system (CNS), characterized by increased new vessel formation. The processes of neoangiogenesis, necessary for glioma development, are mediated by numerous growth factors, cytokines, chemokines and other proteins. In contrast to other solid tumors, some biological conditions, such as the blood-brain barrier and the unique interplay between immune microenvironment and tumor, represent significant challenges in glioma therapy. Therefore, the objective of the study was to present the role of various proangiogenic factors in glioma angiogenesis as well as the differences between normal and tumoral angiogenesis. Another goal was to present novel therapeutic options in oncology approaches. We performed a thorough search via the PubMed database. In this paper we describe various proangiogenic factors in glioma vasculature development. The presented paper also reviews various antiangiogenic factors necessary in maintaining equilibrium between pro- and antiangiogenic processes. Furthermore, we present some novel possibilities of antiangiogenic therapy in this type of tumors.
血管生成，即形成新血管的复杂、多步骤的过程，在正常发育、胚胎发生和伤口愈合中起着关键作用。增殖增加的恶性肿瘤也需要新的血管为不断生长的肿瘤提供充足的氧气和营养供应。神经胶质瘤是中枢神经系统（CNS）最常见的原发性肿瘤之一，其特征是新血管形成增加。神经胶质瘤发育所必需的新血管生成过程由许多生长因子、细胞因子、趋化因子和其他蛋白质介导。与其他实体瘤不同，一些生物学条件，如血脑屏障和免疫微环境与肿瘤之间的独特相互作用，代表着神经胶质瘤治疗的重大挑战。因此，本研究的目的是阐述各种促血管生成因子在神经胶质瘤血管生成中的作用，以及正常血管生成和肿瘤血管生成之间的差异。另一个目标是提出肿瘤学治疗方法中的新治疗选择。我们通过 PubMed 数据库进行了全面搜索。本文描述了神经胶质瘤血管生成发育中的各种促血管生成因子。本文还回顾了维持促血管生成和抗血管生成过程平衡所必需的各种抗血管生成因子。此外，我们还提出了这种类型肿瘤的抗血管生成治疗的一些新可能性。
