Biomedical Research Center, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
Department of Chemistry and Earth Sciences, College of Arts and Sciences, Qatar University, Doha 2713, Qatar.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 23;22(13):6703. doi: 10.3390/ijms22136703.
The SARS-CoV-2 virus utilizes angiotensin converting enzyme () for cell entry and infection. This enzyme has important functions in the renin-angiotensin aldosterone system to preserve cardiovascular function. In addition to the heart, it is expressed in many tissues including the lung, intestines, brain, and kidney, however, its functions in these organs are mostly unknown. has membrane-bound and soluble forms. Its expression levels are altered in disease states and by a variety of medications. Currently, it is not clear how altered levels influence virulence and relevant complications. In addition, membrane-bound and soluble forms are thought to have different effects. Most work on this topic in the literature is on the SARS-CoV virus that has a high genetic resemblance to SARS-Co-V-2 and also uses enzyme to enter the cell, but with much lower affinity. More recent studies on SARS-CoV-2 are mainly clinical studies aiming at relating the effect of medications that are thought to influence levels, with COVID-19 outcomes for patients under these medications. This review paper aims to summarize what is known about the relationship between levels and SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 virulence under altered expression states.
SARS-CoV-2 病毒利用血管紧张素转换酶（）进入细胞并感染。该酶在肾素-血管紧张素-醛固酮系统中具有重要功能，可维持心血管功能。除心脏外，它还在许多组织中表达，包括肺、肠、脑和肾，但在这些器官中的功能大多未知。有膜结合和可溶性两种形式。在疾病状态和各种药物的作用下，其表达水平会发生改变。目前尚不清楚改变的水平如何影响病毒的毒力和相关并发症。此外，膜结合形式和可溶性形式可能具有不同的作用。该主题的大多数文献研究都是针对与 SARS-CoV-2 具有高度遗传相似性的 SARS-CoV 病毒，该病毒也利用酶进入细胞，但亲和力要低得多。最近关于 SARS-CoV-2 的研究主要是临床研究，旨在将被认为影响水平的药物的作用与接受这些药物治疗的患者的 COVID-19 结果联系起来。本文旨在总结已知的在改变的表达状态下，水平与 SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV-2 毒力之间的关系。
