Department of Business Administration, School of Business, Anhui University of Technology, Ma'anshan 243032, China.
Department of Accounting, College of Business Administration, University of Northern Iowa, 1227 West 27th Street, Cedar Falls, IA 50614, USA.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 23;18(13):6751. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136751.
Despite the documented individual, job, and organizational antecedents of cyberloafing at the workplace, few studies have addressed whether, how and when group factors affect employees' cyberloafing behaviors. Drawing on social learning theory and general deterrence theory, the purpose of this study is to test if observability of coworkers' cyberloafing behavior affects employees' perceptions of norms related to cyberloafing and subsequent cyberloafing behaviors and to test if sanctions can play a role in buffering these effects. An investigation of 335 employees working at Chinese enterprises establishes that observing others engaging in cyberloafing influences the employees' perceived norms and cyberloafing behaviors and that employees' perceived norms related to cyberloafing play a partial mediating role in the relationship between observability and employees' cyberloafing. As predicted, we also found that perceived certainty and severity of potential sanctions for cyberloafing moderate the effect of observability on employees' cyberloafing as well as the indirect effect of observability on employees' cyberloafing via perceived norms related to cyberloafing. This study enriched the cyberloafing literature by revealing how observability of cyberloafing influences employees' cyberloafing and by unveiling two boundary conditions under which the cyberloafing learning effect can be buffered.
尽管有文献记录了工作场所中个人、工作和组织因素对网络闲逛的影响，但很少有研究探讨群体因素如何以及何时影响员工的网络闲逛行为。本研究以社会学习理论和一般威慑理论为基础，旨在检验同事网络闲逛行为的可观察性是否会影响员工对与网络闲逛相关规范的认知，以及随后的网络闲逛行为，并检验制裁是否可以在缓冲这些影响方面发挥作用。对 335 名在中国企业工作的员工的调查表明，观察他人从事网络闲逛会影响员工对规范的认知和网络闲逛行为，而员工对与网络闲逛相关规范的认知在可观察性与员工网络闲逛行为之间的关系中起到部分中介作用。正如预测的那样，我们还发现，对网络闲逛潜在制裁的感知确定性和严厉程度会调节可观察性对员工网络闲逛行为的影响，以及可观察性通过与网络闲逛相关的感知规范对员工网络闲逛行为的间接影响。本研究通过揭示可观察性如何影响员工的网络闲逛行为，以及揭示可以缓冲网络闲逛学习效应的两个边界条件，丰富了网络闲逛文献。
