Arqueros Cristina, Zamora Félix, Montoro Carmen
Departamento de Química Inorgánica, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Institute for Advanced Research in Chemical Sciences (IAdChem), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2021 Jun 23;11(7):1651. doi: 10.3390/nano11071651.
Global population growth and water resource scarcity are significant social problems currently being studied by many researchers focusing on finding new materials for water treatment. The aim is to obtain quality water suitable for drinking and industrial consumption. In this sense, an emergent class of crystalline porous materials known as Covalent-Organic Frameworks (COFs) offers a wide range of possibilities since their structures can be designed on demand for specific applications. Indeed, in the last decade, many efforts have been made for their use in water treatment. This perspective article aims to overview the state-of-the-art COFs collecting the most recent results in the field for water detection of pollutants and water treatment. After the introduction, where we overview the classical design strategies on COF design and synthesis for obtaining chemically stable COFs, we summarize the different experimental methodologies used for COFs processing in the form of supported and free-standing membranes and colloids. Finally, we describe the use of COFs in processes involving the detection of pollutants in water and wastewater treatment, such as the capture of organic compounds, heavy metals, and dyes, the degradation of organic pollutants, as well as in desalination processes. Finally, we provide a perspective on the field and the potential technological use of these novel materials.
全球人口增长和水资源短缺是目前许多研究人员正在研究的重大社会问题，他们致力于寻找用于水处理的新材料。目的是获得适合饮用和工业用水的优质水。从这个意义上说，一类新兴的晶体多孔材料，即共价有机框架（COF），提供了广泛的可能性，因为它们的结构可以根据特定应用的需求进行设计。事实上，在过去十年中，人们为将其用于水处理付出了诸多努力。这篇观点文章旨在概述共价有机框架的最新进展，收集该领域在水污染物检测和水处理方面的最新成果。在引言部分，我们概述了用于获得化学稳定的共价有机框架的经典设计策略和合成方法，之后我们总结了以支撑膜、独立膜和胶体形式处理共价有机框架所使用的不同实验方法。最后，我们描述了共价有机框架在涉及水和废水处理中污染物检测的过程中的应用，例如有机化合物、重金属和染料的捕获、有机污染物的降解以及海水淡化过程。最后，我们对该领域以及这些新型材料的潜在技术应用给出了展望。
