A Randomized Trial of Precision Prevention Materials to Improve Primary and Secondary Melanoma Prevention Activities among Individuals with Limited Melanoma Risk Phenotypes.

Inherited variation at is associated with elevated melanoma risk among non-Hispanic whites (NHWs). genetic testing may unmask previously unrecognized disease risk, especially among individuals with few melanoma phenotypic risk factors. We recruited NHW individuals with limited phenotypic risk factors from two primary care clinics in west-central Florida. Participants ( = 1134) were randomized within genotype risk group (average/higher) to receive mailed precision prevention (i.e., intervention) or generic prevention materials. Participants reported hours of weekday and weekend sun exposure, frequency of intentional outdoor tanning and sun protection behaviors, number of sunburns, indoor tanning episodes, and skin examinations at baseline, and after 6 and 12 months. Among higher-risk participants, the intervention increased the likelihood of often or always wearing a shirt with sleeves (OR = 1.49, = 0.03) and seeking shade or using an umbrella (OR = 1.42, = 0.046), and it decreased the number of sunburns among their young children (β = -0.13, = 0.03). Intervention effects were not noted among average-risk participants. Moderation analyses identified intervention effects within subgroups in average-risk and higher-risk participants. Precision prevention information conveying testing results can increase the practice of some sun protection behaviors among at-risk individuals with limited melanoma risk phenotypes and may provide a cross-generational tool to counteract increasing incidence of melanoma.