Alonso-Segura Diana, Hernández-García Luis, Menchaca-Arredondo Jorge, Sánchez Mario, Chamorro-Garza Belén, Garza-Hernández Raquel
Biotechnology Engineering Division, Universidad Tecnológica de Corregidora, Carretera Estatal 413, Sta. Barbara Km. 11.2, Coroneo 76900, Mexico.
Instituto Tecnológico de Nuevo León, Av. de la Alianza 507, Parque de Investigación e Innovación Tecnológica 66628, Mexico.
Polymers (Basel). 2021 Jun 23;13(13):2066. doi: 10.3390/polym13132066.
Heavy metals in water are a serious environmental problem due to their accumulation and toxicity; there are several processes we can use to address this issue, but adsorption is the most popular due to its simplicity and efficiency. Polysaccharides such as cellulose have received attention as adsorbents for heavy metals, and cotton-chitosan composites (CCs) were developed here with nontoxic reagents such as carboxylic acids as crosslinkers and NaHPO as a catalyst to achieve chitosan covalent crosslinkage into oxidized cotton textiles with HO. The composites were characterized by fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), elemental analysis (EA), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), atomic-force and scanning electron microscopy (AFM and SEM), and tensile strength; the adsorption of lead ions (Pb) was evaluated with cotton-chitosan composites and quantified by microwave plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (MP-AES). The composites showed a maximum incorporation of chitosan of 27.62 mg per gram of cotton textile. A tensile strength analysis of the composite showed a Young's modulus approximately 1 MPa higher than that of cotton textile. The adsorption of lead ions with composites in an aqueous solution at pH 5 and 25 °C was circa 74% after 6 h of contact, as determined by MP-AES. This work is an approach to demonstrate the potential of these polysaccharides, modified by "green" procedures to remove pollutants from water.
水中的重金属因其积累和毒性而成为严重的环境问题；我们可以采用多种方法来解决这个问题，但吸附法因其简单高效而最为常用。纤维素等多糖作为重金属吸附剂受到了关注，在此我们开发了棉-壳聚糖复合材料（CCs），使用羧酸等无毒试剂作为交联剂，以NaHPO为催化剂，通过HO实现壳聚糖与氧化棉织物的共价交联。通过傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、元素分析（EA）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）、原子力显微镜和扫描电子显微镜（AFM和SEM）以及拉伸强度对复合材料进行了表征；用棉-壳聚糖复合材料评估了铅离子（Pb）的吸附情况，并通过微波等离子体原子发射光谱（MP-AES）进行了定量分析。复合材料显示每克棉织物中壳聚糖的最大掺入量为27.62毫克。对复合材料的拉伸强度分析表明，其杨氏模量比棉织物高约1兆帕。根据MP-AES测定，在pH值为5、温度为25°C的水溶液中，复合材料对铅离子的吸附在接触6小时后约为74%。这项工作是一种展示这些通过“绿色”工艺改性的多糖从水中去除污染物潜力的方法。
