College of Marine Science, University of South Florida, St. Petersburg, FL 33701, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2021 Jun 25;21(13):4341. doi: 10.3390/s21134341.
Operational coarse-resolution satellite thermal sensors designed for global oceans are often insufficient for evaluating surface temperature of small water bodies. Here, the quality of the thermal data, collected by the ECOsystem Spaceborne Thermal Radiometer Experiment on Space Station (ECOSTRESS), over several South Florida estuaries, Chesapeake Bay, and Lake Okeechobee is evaluated using both in situ and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) Sea Surface Temperature (SST) data. Overall, for SST between ~6 and ~32 °C, ECOSTRESS LST (Land Surface Temperature, used as a surrogate for SST in this study) appears to be slightly underestimated, with the underestimation being more severe at night (-1.13 °C) than during the day (-0.64 °C), in spring and summer (-1.25 ± 1.39 °C) than in autumn and winter (-0.57 ± 0.98 °C), and after May 2019 when two of the five bands failed. The root-mean-square uncertainties of ECOSTRESS SST are generally within 1-2 °C. Spatial analysis further suggests that ECOSTRESS SST covers waters closer to shore and reveals more spatial features than MODIS, with comparable image noise. From these observations, after proper georeferencing and empirical correction of the negative bias, ECOSTRESS SST may be used to evaluate the thermal environments of small water bodies, thus filling gaps in the coarse-resolution satellite data.
用于全球海洋的运行粗分辨率卫星热传感器通常不足以评估小型水体的表面温度。在这里，使用现场和中等分辨率成像光谱仪 (MODIS) 海面温度 (SST) 数据评估了空间站生态系统星载热辐射计实验 (ECOSTRESS) 在佛罗里达州几个河口、切萨皮克湾和奥基乔比湖上空收集的热数据的质量。总体而言，对于 6 到 32°C 之间的 SST，ECOSTRESS LST（陆地表面温度，在本研究中用作 SST 的替代）似乎被低估了，夜间（-1.13°C）比白天（-0.64°C）低估更严重，在春季和夏季（-1.25±1.39°C）比秋季和冬季（-0.57±0.98°C）更严重，并且在 2019 年 5 月两个波段中的五个波段失效后。ECOSTRESS SST 的均方根不确定性通常在 1-2°C 以内。空间分析进一步表明，ECOSTRESS SST 覆盖了更靠近海岸的水域，并比 MODIS 显示出更多的空间特征，具有可比的图像噪声。从这些观测中，经过适当的地理参考和对负偏差的经验校正后，ECOSTRESS SST 可用于评估小型水体的热环境，从而填补粗分辨率卫星数据的空白。
