School of Population and Public Health, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC V6T 1Z3, Canada.
Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, AB T2N 1N4, Canada.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 25;18(13):6828. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18136828.
This umbrella review of reviews examined the evidence on the work and health impacts of working in an epidemic/pandemic environment, factors associated with these impacts, and risk mitigation or intervention strategies that address these factors. We examined review articles published in MEDLINE, PsycINFO and Embase between 2000 and 2020. Data extracted from the included reviews were analyzed using a narrative synthesis. The search yielded 1524 unique citations, of which 31 were included. Included studies were focused on health care workers and the risk of infection to COVID-19 or other respiratory illnesses, mental health outcomes, and health care workers' willingness to respond during a public health event. Reviews identified a variety of individual, social, and organizational factors associated with these work and health outcomes as well as risk mitigation strategies that addressed study outcomes. Only a few reviews examined intervention strategies in the workplace such as physical distancing and quarantine, and none included long-term outcomes of exposure or work during an epidemic/pandemic. Findings suggest a number of critical research and evidence gaps, including the need for reviews on occupational groups potentially exposed to or impacted by the negative work and health effects of COVID-19 in addition to health care workers, the long-term consequences of transitioning to the post-COVID-19 economy on work and health, and research with an equity or social determinants of health lens.
这篇综述性评论研究了在传染病/大流行环境中工作对工作和健康的影响、与这些影响相关的因素，以及针对这些因素的风险缓解或干预策略。我们检索了 2000 年至 2020 年间在 MEDLINE、PsycINFO 和 Embase 上发表的综述文章。从纳入的综述中提取的数据使用叙述性综合进行分析。检索共得到 1524 条独特的引文，其中 31 条被纳入。纳入的研究主要集中在医护人员感染 COVID-19 或其他呼吸道疾病的风险、心理健康结果，以及医护人员在公共卫生事件期间的应对意愿。综述确定了与这些工作和健康结果相关的各种个体、社会和组织因素，以及针对这些研究结果的风险缓解策略。只有少数综述研究了工作场所的干预策略，如身体距离和隔离，并且都没有包括对暴露或在传染病/大流行期间工作的长期影响的研究。研究结果表明存在许多关键的研究和证据差距，包括需要对除医护人员之外可能接触或受到 COVID-19 对工作和健康的负面影响的职业群体进行综述，以及过渡到后 COVID-19 经济对工作和健康的长期影响，以及从公平或健康的社会决定因素角度进行研究。
