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增强的 NAMPT 介导的 NAD 补救途径通过放大上皮自身炎症回路促进银屑病发病机制。

Enhanced NAMPT-Mediated NAD Salvage Pathway Contributes to Psoriasis Pathogenesis by Amplifying Epithelial Auto-Inflammatory Circuits.

机构信息

Laboratory of Experimental Immunology and Dermatology Division, IDI-IRCCS, I-00167 Rome, Italy.

IDI-Farmaceutici S.r.l. Pomezia, I-00171 Rome, Italy.

出版信息

Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 25;22(13):6860. doi: 10.3390/ijms22136860.

Abstract

Dysregulated cross-talk between immune cells and epithelial compartments is responsible for the onset and amplification of pathogenic auto-inflammatory circuits occurring in psoriasis. NAMPT-mediated NAD salvage pathway has been recently described as an immunometabolic route having inflammatory function in several disorders, including arthritis and inflammatory bowel diseases. To date, the role of NAD salvage pathway has not been explored in the skin of patients affected by psoriasis. Here, we show that NAD content is enhanced in lesional skin of psoriatic patients and is associated to high NAMPT transcriptional levels. The latter are drastically reduced in psoriatic skin following treatment with the anti-IL-17A biologics secukinumab. We provide evidence that NAMPT-mediated NAD metabolism fuels the immune responses executed by resident skin cells in psoriatic skin. In particular, intracellular NAMPT, strongly induced by Th1/Th17-cytokines, acts on keratinocytes by inducing hyper-proliferation and impairing their terminal differentiation. Furthermore, NAMPT-mediated NAD boosting synergizes with psoriasis-related cytokines in the upregulation of inflammatory chemokines important for neutrophil and Th1/Th17 cell recruitment. In addition, extracellular NAMPT, abundantly released by keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts, acts in a paracrine manner on endothelial cells by inducing their proliferation and migration, as well as the expression of ICAM-1 membrane molecule and chemokines important for leukocyte recruitment into inflamed skin. In conclusion, our results showed that NAMPT-mediated NAD salvage pathway contributes to psoriasis pathogenic processes by amplifying epithelial auto-inflammatory responses in psoriasis.

摘要

免疫细胞和上皮细胞之间失调的串扰导致银屑病中致病性自身炎症回路的发生和放大。NAMPT 介导的 NAD 补救途径最近被描述为一种免疫代谢途径,在包括关节炎和炎症性肠病在内的几种疾病中具有炎症功能。迄今为止,NAD 补救途径在银屑病患者的皮肤中尚未得到探索。在这里,我们表明 NAD 含量在银屑病患者的皮损皮肤中增强,并且与高 NAMPT 转录水平相关。在用抗 IL-17A 生物制剂 secukinumab 治疗后,后者在银屑病皮肤中急剧减少。我们提供的证据表明,NAMPT 介导的 NAD 代谢为驻留皮肤细胞在银屑病皮肤中执行的免疫反应提供燃料。具体而言,Th1/Th17 细胞因子强烈诱导的细胞内 NAMPT 作用于角质形成细胞,通过诱导过度增殖和损害其终末分化来发挥作用。此外,NAMPT 介导的 NAD 增强与与银屑病相关的细胞因子协同作用,上调对中性粒细胞和 Th1/Th17 细胞募集至关重要的炎症趋化因子。此外,由角质形成细胞和真皮成纤维细胞大量释放的细胞外 NAMPT 以旁分泌方式作用于内皮细胞,通过诱导其增殖和迁移以及 ICAM-1 膜分子和对白细胞募集到炎症皮肤中至关重要的趋化因子的表达来发挥作用。总之,我们的研究结果表明,NAMPT 介导的 NAD 补救途径通过放大银屑病中的上皮自身炎症反应,促进银屑病的发病机制。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/9024/8267663/14c001692884/ijms-22-06860-g001.jpg

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