Cognitive Neuroscience and Neuropsychiatry, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1N 1EH, UK.
Faculty of Psychology, UniDistance Suisse, 3900 Brig, Switzerland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 22;22(13):6691. doi: 10.3390/ijms22136691.
In recent years, a large population of immature neurons has been documented in the paralaminar nucleus of the primate amygdala. A substantial fraction of these immature neurons differentiate into mature neurons during postnatal development or following selective lesion of the hippocampus. Notwithstanding a growing number of studies on the origin and fate of these immature neurons, fundamental questions about the life and death of these neurons remain. Here, we briefly summarize what is currently known about the immature neurons present in the primate ventral amygdala during development and in adulthood, as well as following selective hippocampal lesions. We provide evidence confirming that the distribution of immature neurons extends to the anterior portions of the entorhinal cortex and layer II of the perirhinal cortex. We also provide novel arguments derived from stereological estimates of the number of mature and immature neurons, which support the view that the migration of immature neurons from the lateral ventricle accompanies neuronal maturation in the primate amygdala at all ages. Finally, we propose and discuss the hypothesis that increased migration and maturation of neurons in the amygdala following hippocampal dysfunction may be linked to behavioral alterations associated with certain neurodevelopmental disorders.
近年来，大量的未成熟神经元已被记录在灵长类动物杏仁核的旁层核中。在出生后发育过程中或海马选择性损伤后，这些未成熟神经元中的相当一部分分化为成熟神经元。尽管越来越多的研究关注这些未成熟神经元的起源和命运，但关于这些神经元的生死问题仍然存在。在这里，我们简要总结了目前已知的在发育过程中以及在海马选择性损伤后存在于灵长类动物腹侧杏仁核中的未成熟神经元。我们提供的证据证实，未成熟神经元的分布延伸到了内嗅皮质的前部分和边缘皮质的 II 层。我们还提供了新的论据，这些论据源自对成熟和未成熟神经元数量的体视学估计，支持了这样一种观点，即未成熟神经元从侧脑室的迁移伴随着在所有年龄段的灵长类动物杏仁核中神经元的成熟。最后，我们提出并讨论了这样一种假说，即海马功能障碍后杏仁核中神经元的迁移和成熟增加可能与某些神经发育障碍相关的行为改变有关。
