Department of Pharmacology, Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, Punjab, India.
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Selcuk University Campus, 42130 Konya, Turkey.
Molecules. 2021 Jun 18;26(12):3724. doi: 10.3390/molecules26123724.
Despite not being utilized as considerably as other antidepressants in the therapy of depression, the monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) proceed to hold a place in neurodegeneration and to have a somewhat broad spectrum in respect of the treatment of neurological and psychiatric conditions. Preclinical and clinical studies on MAOIs have been developing in recent times, especially on account of rousing discoveries manifesting that these drugs possess neuroprotective activities. The altered brain levels of monoamine neurotransmitters due to monoamine oxidase (MAO) are directly associated with various neuropsychiatric conditions like Alzheimer's disease (AD). Activated MAO induces the amyloid-beta (Aβ) deposition via abnormal cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein (APP). Additionally, activated MAO contributes to the generation of neurofibrillary tangles and cognitive impairment due to neuronal loss. No matter the attention of researchers on the participation of MAOIs in neuroprotection has been on monoamine oxidase-B (MAO-B) inhibitors, there is a developing frame of proof indicating that monoamine oxidase-A (MAO-A) inhibitors may also play a role in neuroprotection. The therapeutic potential of MAOIs alongside the complete understanding of the enzyme's physiology may lead to the future advancement of these drugs.
尽管单胺氧化酶抑制剂（MAOIs）在抑郁症的治疗中没有像其他抗抑郁药那样被广泛应用，但它们在神经退行性疾病中仍然占有一席之地，并且在治疗神经和精神疾病方面具有相当广泛的谱。最近，对 MAOIs 的临床前和临床研究一直在进行，特别是因为有令人振奋的发现表明这些药物具有神经保护活性。由于单胺氧化酶（MAO）导致的单胺神经递质水平的改变与各种神经精神疾病如阿尔茨海默病（AD）直接相关。激活的 MAO 通过异常切割淀粉样前体蛋白（APP）诱导淀粉样蛋白-β（Aβ）沉积。此外，激活的 MAO 还会导致神经原纤维缠结和认知障碍，导致神经元丢失。无论研究人员对 MAOIs 在神经保护中的作用的关注如何都集中在单胺氧化酶-B（MAO-B）抑制剂上，但有越来越多的证据表明单胺氧化酶-A（MAO-A）抑制剂也可能在神经保护中发挥作用。MAOIs 的治疗潜力以及对酶生理学的全面理解可能会导致这些药物的未来发展。
