Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China.
Center for Disease Control and Prevention of Qingyunpu District, Nanchang 330001, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Jun 18;18(12):6584. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18126584.
Cerebrovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death in many countries including China. Early diagnosis and risk assessment represent one of effective approaches to reduce the CVD-related mortality. The purpose of this study was to understand the prevalence and influencing factors of cerebrovascular disease among community residents in Qingyunpu District, Nanchang City, Jiangxi Province, and to construct a model of cerebrovascular disease risk index suitable for local community residents. A stratified cluster sampling method was used to sample 2147 community residents aged 40 and above, and the prevalence of cerebrovascular diseases and possible risk factors were investigated. It was found that the prevalence of cerebrovascular disease among local residents was 4.5%. Poisson regression analysis found that old age, lack of exercise, hypertension, diabetes, smoking, and family history of cerebrovascular disease are the main risk factors for local cerebrovascular disease. The relative risk ORs were 3.284, 2.306, 2.510, 3.194, 1.949, 2.315, respectively. For these six selected risk factors, a cerebrovascular disease risk prediction model was established using the Harvard Cancer Index method. The R value of the risk prediction model was 1.80 (sensitivity 81.8%, specificity 47.0%), which was able to well predict the risk of cerebrovascular disease among local residents. This provides a scientific basis for the further development of local cerebrovascular disease prevention and control work.
脑血管疾病(CVD)是包括中国在内的许多国家的主要死亡原因。早期诊断和风险评估是降低与 CVD 相关死亡率的有效方法之一。本研究旨在了解江西省南昌市青云谱区社区居民脑血管疾病的患病率及其影响因素,并构建适合当地社区居民的脑血管疾病风险指数模型。采用分层聚类抽样方法,对 2147 名 40 岁及以上的社区居民进行抽样,调查脑血管疾病的患病率及可能的危险因素。结果发现,当地居民脑血管疾病的患病率为 4.5%。泊松回归分析发现,年龄大、缺乏运动、高血压、糖尿病、吸烟和脑血管疾病家族史是当地脑血管疾病的主要危险因素。相对危险度 ORs 分别为 3.284、2.306、2.510、3.194、1.949、2.315。对于这六个选定的风险因素,使用哈佛癌症指数方法建立了脑血管疾病风险预测模型。风险预测模型的 R 值为 1.80(敏感性 81.8%,特异性 47.0%),能够很好地预测当地居民脑血管疾病的发病风险。这为进一步开展当地脑血管病防治工作提供了科学依据。