Kellogg Morgana K, Miller Sarah C, Tikhonova Elena B, Karamyshev Andrey L
Department of Cell Biology and Biochemistry, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, TX 79430, USA.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jun 11;22(12):6284. doi: 10.3390/ijms22126284.
Signal recognition particle (SRP) is an RNA and protein complex that exists in all domains of life. It consists of one protein and one noncoding RNA in some bacteria. It is more complex in eukaryotes and consists of six proteins and one noncoding RNA in mammals. In the eukaryotic cytoplasm, SRP co-translationally targets proteins to the endoplasmic reticulum and prevents misfolding and aggregation of the secretory proteins in the cytoplasm. It was demonstrated recently that SRP also possesses an earlier unknown function, the protection of mRNAs of secretory proteins from degradation. In this review, we analyze the progress in studies of SRPs from different organisms, SRP biogenesis, its structure, and function in protein targeting and mRNA protection.
信号识别颗粒（SRP）是一种存在于所有生命域中的RNA与蛋白质复合物。在某些细菌中，它由一种蛋白质和一种非编码RNA组成。在真核生物中它更为复杂，在哺乳动物中由六种蛋白质和一种非编码RNA组成。在真核细胞质中，SRP在共翻译过程中将蛋白质靶向内质网，并防止分泌蛋白在细胞质中错误折叠和聚集。最近有研究表明，SRP还具有一种此前未知的功能，即保护分泌蛋白的mRNA不被降解。在这篇综述中，我们分析了来自不同生物体的SRP的研究进展、SRP的生物发生、其结构以及在蛋白质靶向和mRNA保护中的功能。
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