Agrati Chiara, Castilletti Concetta, Goletti Delia, Meschi Silvia, Sacchi Alessandra, Matusali Giulia, Bordoni Veronica, Petrone Linda, Lapa Daniele, Notari Stefania, Vanini Valentina, Colavita Francesca, Aiello Alessandra, Agresta Alessandro, Farroni Chiara, Grassi Germana, Leone Sara, Vaia Francesco, Capobianchi Maria Rosaria, Ippolito Giuseppe, Puro Vincenzo
National Institute for Infectious Diseases (INMI) L. Spallanzani-IRCCS, Via Portuense 292, 00149 Roma, Italy.
Microorganisms. 2021 Jun 16;9(6):1315. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms9061315.
Vaccination is the main public health measure to reduce SARS-CoV-2 transmission and hospitalization, and a massive worldwide scientific effort resulted in the rapid development of effective vaccines. This work aimed to define the dynamics of humoral and cell-mediated immune response in a cohort of health care workers (HCWs) who received a two-dose BNT162b2-mRNA vaccination. The serological response was evaluated by quantifying the anti-RBD and neutralizing antibodies. The cell-mediated response was performed by a whole blood test quantifying Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-2), produced in response to spike peptides. The BNT162b2-mRNA vaccine induced both humoral and cell-mediated immune responses against spike peptides in virtually all HCWs without previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, with a moderate inverse relation with age in the anti-RBD response. Spike-specific T cells produced several Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ, TNF-α, and IL-2), which correlated with the specific-serological response. Overall, our study describes the ability of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine to elicit a coordinated neutralizing humoral and spike-specific T cell response in HCWs. Assessing the dynamics of these parameters by an easy immune monitoring protocol can allow for the evaluation of the persistence of the vaccine response in order to define the optimal vaccination strategy.
接种疫苗是减少SARS-CoV-2传播和住院的主要公共卫生措施，全球范围内的大量科学努力促成了有效疫苗的快速研发。这项工作旨在确定一组接受两剂BNT162b2-mRNA疫苗接种的医护人员（HCW）中体液免疫和细胞介导免疫反应的动态变化。通过定量抗RBD和中和抗体来评估血清学反应。通过全血检测对刺突肽产生反应时产生的Th1细胞因子（IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-2）进行定量，以评估细胞介导反应。BNT162b2-mRNA疫苗在几乎所有未曾感染过SARS-CoV-2的医护人员中均诱导了针对刺突肽的体液免疫和细胞介导免疫反应，抗RBD反应与年龄呈中度负相关。刺突特异性T细胞产生了几种Th1细胞因子（IFN-γ、TNF-α和IL-2），这些细胞因子与特异性血清学反应相关。总体而言，我们的研究描述了BNT162b2 mRNA疫苗在医护人员中引发协同中和体液免疫和刺突特异性T细胞反应的能力。通过简便的免疫监测方案评估这些参数的动态变化，可以评估疫苗反应的持久性，从而确定最佳接种策略。
